摘要
这项研究的目的是在时间和频率域表征鼾声的声学特性,并将这些特性与产生鼾声的机械事件联系起来。采用3种实验装置:1)狗模型——6只杂种狗,植入声门上球囊造成部分上气道阻塞。记录不同程度梗阻时的血流、声门上压和打鼾声。每只狗的15到20次打鼾(共100次)被分析。2)模拟人类打鼾——4名受试者中的每名受试者分别在两个位置(气管和环境)记录6次模拟打鼾,并检测它们的相关性。3)打鼾患者——使用环境麦克风记录9名打鼾“严重”且无阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的受试者的鼾声。对每个受试者的40 - 50次鼾声进行分析(共400次)。对打鼾声进行了时间(时间扩展波形)和频率(功率谱)分析。在分析这些鼾声后,我们能够识别出两种截然不同的主要模式:“简单波形”和“复杂波形”。复波形鼾声的特征是重复的、等间隔的、一连串的声音结构,从大的偏转开始,然后是衰减的振幅波。 In the frequency domain, it is characterized by multiple, equally-spaced peaks of power (comb-like spectrum). Simple-waveform snores have a quasi-sinusoidal waveform, with a range of variants, and almost no secondary internal oscillations. Their power spectrum contains only 1-3 peaks, of which the first is the most prominent. We developed a mathematical representation of these waveforms, which is presented along with its implications. The complex-waveform snores result from colliding of the airway walls and represent actual brief airway closure. Simple-waveform snores are of higher frequency and probably result from oscillation around a neutral position without actual closure of the lumen.