阿尔玛兹·阿尔达什夫(Almaz Aldashev)是他的人民的一个人。他从来没有比在他的祖国山脉旅行时更快乐的,与他的吉尔吉斯同胞交谈,吃饭和唱歌,喝库米斯,在溪流中钓鱼以及在蒙古包里睡觉。
他于1953年11月1日出生于弗朗兹(现在称为Bishkek),当时是吉尔吉斯斯坦的首都,也是苏联社会主义共和国联盟(USSR)的一部分。他的父亲Abdulkhai Aldashev是国立农业大学兽医科学教授,以及吉尔吉斯斯坦作家协会(现为吉尔吉斯共和国)的作家协会的成员。他的母亲法蒂玛(Fatima)完全致力于抚养五个孩子。他们一起刺激和培育了阿尔玛兹的广泛教育,并对他国家的文化历史深刻理解。
一个lmaz spent his undergraduate years in Moscow. In 1980, he became a research assistant in the high-altitude laboratory in Kyrgyzstan, sparking a career-long interest in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. He was awarded his PhD by the Moscow Academy of Sciences in 1983 on “Receptors, intracellular signalling and hypoxic proteins at high-altitude pulmonary hypertension”. He was soon Head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology within the Institute of Cardiology in Bishkek, and in 2002, he became Director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine. His scientific leadership was recognised internationally and he was honoured by his country through a number of national awards, including “Honoured Scientist of the Kyrgyz Republic” in 2004. He became a Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2000, an Academician (full member) in 2006 and then its Vice President in 2013.
He was a scientist during a time of major political change. Early in his career, he was one of a small group of young scientists who worked to bridge scientific co-operation between the USSR and USA. With the independence of Kyrgyzstan in 1991 (the Tulip Revolution) came the opportunity for him to travel to the West and to invite scientists to his homeland with greater freedom. Acutely aware of the isolation and financial challenges of conducting science in the new Kyrgyz Republic, he embraced international collaboration enthusiastically. He became an unofficial ambassador for his country, advertising its natural resources – the mountains and isolated communities – which he knew would appeal to the adventurous interested in the physiology of exposure to hypoxia. From 1995 to 1996, supported by a Fogarty International Center grant, he was Visiting Professor in the Lung Development Biology Lab in Denver, CO, USA. In 1998 and 2001, he was Visiting Professor in the Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Hypoxia at the University Paris 13 in France. Through collaborations with laboratories across Europe, most notably in the UK, Germany and Switzerland, and his work with the Pulmonary Vascular Research Institute, he developed a strong international network. Through his contacts, he provided the opportunity for many bright young minds to broaden their experience and acquire new scientific skills from travel abroad, and so laid the foundations for the careers of a generation of Kyrgyz scientists. He never forgot his Central Asian roots. He worked relentlessly to build the local science base in Central Asia and ensure that scientists from the region were active members of a global science community.⇓
他发表了超过140篇论文和一个主要的主题recent years was the role of genetics in adaptation to life at high altitude. More than 50% of the Kyrgyz Republic is above 2500 m. Here, ambient oxygen drops to below 15%. The body responds by hyperventilating, increasing resting heart rate and stimulating red cell production in an attempt to maintain the oxygen content of arterial blood at or above sea-level values, but hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodelling, together with increased erythropoiesis, lead to pulmonary hypertension and place an increased pressure load on the right ventricle. Almaz was aware that there is marked interindividual variation in susceptibility to the physiological effects of a low-oxygen atmosphere and that this has a genetic basis. He held the view that generations of exposure to hypoxia will have selected for genes that confer protection against the detrimental effects of low oxygen on the pulmonary circulation and so some Kyrgyz will be better adapted to their highlander existence. He was very knowledgeable about the origins and tribal history of Kyrgyz highlanders, and required little persuasion to visit the mountains. So began a series of expeditions to high-altitude communities, conducting clinical examinations in local medical facilities to identify those with and without right ventricular hypertrophy and strain, and establishing a cohort of subjects for future genetic and biochemical investigation. He toiled under difficult circumstances, underfunded and always struggling to secure reagents and equipment, but his strength of character, integrity and commitment to science won through. His work highlighted the importance of the nitric oxide–cyclic GMP pathway in pulmonary vascular homeostasis, contributed to the body of data that support the use of sildenafil as a treatment for hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular disease, and began to throw light on genes that might confer protection and provide novel therapeutic drug targets. One of the highlights of his career was his most recent publication inNatureidentifying the zinc transporter ZIP12 as a mediator of pulmonary vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.
他和他的妻子纳兹拉(Nazira)温暖,拥抱主人。任何访问比什凯克的人都可能在凌晨到达。在欢迎伏特加酒吐司和短暂的休息之后,您去了实验室参加研究会议。然后将午餐一系列简短的演讲,然后是关于数据解释,出版物和未来赠款的下午讨论。更长的住宿将涉及到山上旅行,以进行工作或愉悦。没有晚餐在家庭住宅中,直到深夜都没有在家庭住宅中进行晚餐,科学和政治的娱乐性讨论。最近,他一直为他的儿子阿里什尔(Alisher)和女儿艾苏鲁(Aisulu)感到骄傲,最近,他热衷于交换孙子的故事。
Many have benefited from having Almaz as a colleague. Many more have benefited from his work and will miss him. He was preparing for an international symposium on hypoxia at lake Issyk-Kul (1700 m) this September 24–28 (https://pvri.info/en/professionals/events/2016/9/24/the-2016-leh-symposium-is-being-held-in-issyk-kul/). I am sure he would agree that it is an apt place for people to gather and remember him.
- 已收到July 4, 2016.
- 一个ccepted2016年7月5日。
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