抽象的
每日死亡与空气污染有关。这种关联可能是CON * HHY;由不受控制的风险因素创立。为了估算空气污染与健康效应之间关联呼吸流行病引起的潜在混淆,进行了空气污染和日死亡的时间序列研究。所有年龄段的日常死亡记录是从五个美国城市获得的:芝加哥,IL;底特律,MI;明尼阿波利斯,Mn;匹兹堡,帕;和西雅图,瓦。获得了50%切断空气动力直径为10微米(PM10)和天气测量的每日颗粒水平。使用泊松回归进行了城市特定的分析,调整时间趋势,环境温度,露点,一周中的气压和一天。 A cubic polynomial was used for each epidemic period (> or =10 days of excessive pneumonia hospital admissions), and a dummy variable was used to control for isolated epidemic days. A 10-microg x m(-3) increase in PM10 concentration (lag 0-1) was associated with increased daily deaths in Chicago (0.81%, 95% confidence internal (CI) 0.54-1.09); Detroit (0.87%, 95% CI 0.60-1.15), Minneapolis (1.34%, 95% CI 0.78-1.90), Pittsburgh (0.84%, 95% CI 0.51-1.18) and Seattle (0.52%, 95% CI 0.11-0.94). When controlling for respiratory epidemics, small decreases in the PMlo effect were observed (Chicago 9%, Detroit 11%, Minneapolis 3%, Pittsburgh 5%, and Seattle 15%). The overall effect of PM10 concentration was 0.85% (95% CI 0.60-1.10) per 10 microg x m(-3) before controlling for epidemics and 0.78% (95% CI 0.51-1.05) after. This study showed that the association between air pollution and daily deaths is not due to failure to control for influenza or pneumonia epidemics.