摘要
有报道指出,某些婴儿在出生后2年内,由于肺功能异常,在首次出现气喘病之前,就容易出现气喘。作者调查了婴儿2岁前肺功能和喘息之间的关系。对253名婴儿进行了评估。分别在1、6和12个月时进行呼吸功能评估。记录父母哮喘史、异位性过敏史和母亲产前吸烟史。根据父母的报告和医生的诊断,一个婴儿被确认有喘息。160名婴儿(63%)有关于喘息的完整日记和问卷信息可供分析。其中:79名婴儿(50%)在出生前2年从未出现过喘息(NW), 81名婴儿报告过喘息(W)(50%)。在那些报告有喘息的人中,在生命的前2年的分布是;28例在出生第一年(Y1), 21例在出生第二年(Y2), 32例在出生第一年和第二年(Y1和2)都有喘息。 At the age of 1 month, prior to any lower respiratory illness, the W group had impaired lung function in comparison to the NW group. In Y1 infants, the neonatal lung function differences resolved by 12 months of age. In Y2 and Y1&2 infants lung function differences persisted throughout the first year of life. Prevalence of parental asthma and maternal antenatal smoking was increased in the W group p=0.001, p=0.008, respectively), in comparison to the NW infants. Maternal antenatal smoking prevalence was increased in the Y2 and Y1&2 infants in comparison to the NW group (p=0.04), (p=0.01), respectively. Wheezing during the first year of life is often a transient condition which improves with time. It appears to be related to early life reduced small airway calibre. Wheezing that begins or persists into the second year of life is usually associated with a different abnormality of the airways. Commencement or persistence of wheeze into the second year of life may be part of the clinical entity recognized as asthma.