介绍
慢性呼吸系统疾病:从指导方针到政策
慢性呼吸系统疾病是主要的非传染性疾病。哮喘和过敏性疾病贯穿生命周期,可在妊娠和儿童期开始。在欧洲,它们影响着3000万45岁以下的儿童和成年人。据估计,全球每年有400多万人死于慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)。在欧洲联盟(欧盟)成员国中,2009年每10万人中平均有53人因哮喘入院,而与copd有关的平均入院率为184 [2]。欧盟28个国家每年因慢性阻塞性肺病或哮喘造成的直接和间接成本分别估计为480亿欧元和340亿欧元[2]。慢性呼吸系统疾病影响积极健康老龄化。哮喘在儿童或成年人在成年人COPD的共同危险因素[3.,4]。
指南COPD [5]和鼻炎哮喘合并症[6]存在使用GRADE方法[(建议评估,开发和评估的分级)7,8]。全球策略也已经提出了预防和哮喘的控制[9慢性阻塞性肺病[10]。然而,在老年人中,往往很难区分哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病[11],而目前的指南似乎都没有针对老年人的特定模块[12]。
需要有效的战略,以减少慢性呼吸系统疾病负担。国家计划(如。芬兰,捷克和葡萄牙哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺病的程序[13,14])可以是具有成本效益[15,但它们在欧盟没有得到充分的实施。慢性阻塞性肺病综合护理路径(ICPs) (QS10)存在于英国(国家健康与护理优化研究所,NICE) [16],在法国(高级纽约泛欧德桑特)和荷兰[17- - - - - -19],但用于哮喘或哮喘和鼻炎共病的ICPs不存在。哮喘病质素标准(QS25)已由国家标准及临床研究所出版[20]。这些都是具体的,简洁的语句充当高品质,高性价比的病人护理的标记。此外,一些举措旨在也incentivising好的做法和改进执行(即(二)按业绩指标发放薪酬。在英国,质量和结果框架有四个哮喘特异性绩效指标,这些指标与随后的提供者薪酬明确相关[21]。
在资源匮乏,一些成功的尝试将所有非传染性疾病成一个单一的行动计划,已开发22- - - - - -24],以执行世界卫生组织(世卫组织)的非传染性疾病行动计划。但是,在资源丰富的环境中,这种合并计划无法用于非传染性疾病的管理。
欧盟理事会波兰轮值主席国(第3051届理事会结论)已将哮喘和过敏性疾病的预防、早期诊断和治疗作为减少卫生不平等的优先事项[25,26]。第3206届塞浦路斯理事会的结论建议,应尽早开始诊断和治疗慢性疾病,以改善积极健康的老龄化[27]。在欧洲议会(欧盟理事会,2012年塞浦路斯总统)问题的争论推荐早期诊断及儿童慢性呼吸系统疾病的管理,以促进积极健康老龄化[28]。
保护和危险因素
慢性呼吸系统疾病和其他非传染性疾病通常有共同的环境风险因素(如。烟草,营养,室内和室外空气污染,以及久坐的生活方式)1,29],导致持续的局部和全身炎症反应[30.,31]和受损的老化。吸烟是许多非传染性疾病,包括慢性呼吸系统疾病的最佳确定的风险因素。
慢性疾病的预防和控制可以在疾病被确定之前进行顺序考虑,以便1)预防其发生(促进健康和一级预防),2)更好地控制和预防其发生后的短期和长期后果(二级和三级预防和控制)。
从儿童早期开始,从政治角度为健康或功能减弱的呼吸器官奠定基础,以实现《欧洲2020战略》的目标以及健康和积极老龄化[32]。多部门的预防,包括政策变化,调整和市场干预,是优先级最高的。
综合医疗路径
ICPs,又称临床路径或护理路径,是一种结构化的多学科护理计划,详细列出护理有特定临床问题的病人的基本步骤[33]。他们促进将指南翻译成地方协议,并将其随后应用于临床实践。ICP形成全部或部分临床记录,记录所给予的护理,并促进对持续质量改进结果的评估[34]。授权的ICP患者以及他们的健康和社会看护者。
ICPs不同于实践指南,因为它们是由多学科团队使用的,并且侧重于护理的质量和协调。ICPs需要记录计划护理的变化[35]。ICP的目的是提供信息并鼓励思想和适应。临床医生可以在适当的情况下自由地做出自己的专业判断。不过,对《国际比较计划》内指明的实务的任何更改,必须注明为差异[36]。可采用差异分析,以优化与按工作表现收费挂钩的综合集成服务计划[37- - - - - -40]、审核和反馈,并将建议与电子病历整合。
ICP的已保健的医学不同领域,如肿瘤的标准[41或姑息治疗[42]。有些已经被提议用于治疗哮喘或慢性阻塞性肺病。
“护理路径模拟器”是一款离散事件模拟软件,有助从工作、工作或病人的角度,而非从功能的角度检视系统[43]。服务重新设计,定位于改善服务,可以造福于患者,护理人员,工作人员和国家医疗保健服务(NHS)信托基金[44]。
关于积极和健康老龄化的欧洲创新伙伴关系
欧洲创新伙伴关系,试图以提高欧盟竞争力,并通过不断创新来解决社会挑战。他们应对欧盟研究和创新知识复杂的发现或剥削和可能阻碍创新到市场上的弱点。
积极和健康老龄化是所有国家和所有人口共同面临的重大社会挑战[45]。衰老是交织着社会经济不平等[46,是导致贫穷和阻碍经济发展的一个未被充分认识的原因,尤其影响到得不到充分服务的人口和妇女。积极和健康的衰老需要在生命早期得到促进,才能取得成功。
对积极健康的欧洲创新伙伴老化(AHA上EIP)部署在三个方面和六个行动计划[47]:
预防疾病及促进健康
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确保患者坚持治疗的创新方法(A1)
以预防跌倒为重点的个人化健康管理创新方案(A2)
预防功能衰退和虚弱的行动,重点是营养不良(A3)
护理和治疗:扩大和复制成功的创新综合护理模式,如通过远程监测,在老年患者中治疗慢性病(B3)
老年人的活动和独立生活改善的可互操作的独立生活解决方案,包括商业模式的指导方针的摄取(C2)
卧式主题:网络和创新对老年人友好的环境知识共享(D4)
AHA的EIP旨在为支持自下而上的创新提供一个框架,并为专业合作提供一个论坛。合作伙伴在自愿的基础上开展工作,汇集他们的知识和专门知识,以便部署、扩大和复制创新的卫生和保健服务。
《世卫组织欧洲健康老龄化战略和行动计划》的实施情况[48]就AHA的《环境影响评估战略实施计划》所确定的若干优先事项和行动提供协同作用,并分享其对老龄化的积极愿景。
目标AIRWAYS-ICPs
总的目标AIRWAYS-的ICP的是开发以1横跨欧洲多个国家和地区使用)降低疾病负担,2顶层要求多部门的ICP)促进积极健康老龄化,以及3)建立一个关怀的途径模拟器工具,它可以在老年人中应用。航空公司-的ICP不会复制现有的慢性呼吸道疾病欧盟预防方案(如。),但在适当的时候会加强它们。
AIRWAYS-ICPs的目的是提出中心统一的主题和在当前环境中获得政治影响力的整体潜力,并更好地了解和管理欧洲国家和地区慢性气道疾病患者的护理范围。此外,委员会亦会推广向世界卫生组织提交的“严重哮喘的严重程度、控制及风险的统一定义”的方法[49]以及的,过敏性疾病[50],以建立一套适用于大多数情况下的慢性呼吸系统疾病的统一风险分层。
航空公司-的ICP将从科学提出一个可行的,可实现的和可管理的项目指南(图1)使用致力于在AHA的EIP的行动计划B3现有的网络和合作伙伴。
具体目标包括:
1)收集欧洲国家和地区存在的气道疾病(哮喘、COPD和鼻炎)的指南和ICPs。
2)加强预防和健康促进的气道疾病。
3)将患者患有严重慢性呼吸系统疾病。
4)了解儿童和青少年呼吸道疾病,并制定ICPs (P.A.R.IS)。
5)制定关于慢性呼吸系统疾病的重要问题,为老年人。
6)了解和克服慢性呼吸道疾病管理中的障碍。
7)根据现有的国家(或地区)规划,结合预防和疾病控制策略,开发针对鼻炎和哮喘合并症的全生命周期ICPs,以及针对老年人的慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘的ICPs (如。芬兰或葡萄牙哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病和过敏项目)。
8)开发一种可用于老年人鼻炎和哮喘共病的ICPs模拟工具,并重新设计护理路径。
9)为了解决慢性呼吸系统疾病在整个生命周期中,将在中心对患者的一个项目在疾病的文化和社会方面特别感兴趣。
10)实施多部门、多国家的行动计划,允许欧洲国家和地区以及其他国家切实使用航空- icps,以制定成本效益高的预防和控制哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病和过敏的政策。
AIRWAYS-ICPs工作组
呼吸道-ICP的工作组已经列入抗击慢性呼吸疾病世卫组织全球联盟和世界卫生组织合作中心(2001年至2013年)工作组(64个国家)。此外,我们试图包括尽可能多的欧洲国家可能(23个欧盟国家),它应该指出的是,塞尔维亚,克罗地亚,斯洛文尼亚和斯洛伐克,谁不包括在以前的研究组,现在包括了大量的代表。此外,我们通过包括社会护理人员和公共卫生研究人员增强了学习小组。患者被很好的体现。在一些国家,代表的名字已经提出了政府组织。最后,通过对AHA,欧洲地区和卫生部门(EUREGHA)的EIP,都包括在内的其他代表,特别是NHS英格兰,苏格兰和北爱尔兰,以及瓦隆和南丹麦。目前工作组包括所有多部门的ICP的发展所需要的利益相关者。
AIRWAYS-ICPs
1)核对现有的ICP,国家计划和指南
将收集28个欧盟国家和其他欧洲国家用于慢性阻塞性肺病、哮喘和鼻炎的ICPs的工具。这一方法将推广到其他国家。EIP现正就AHA发展一个资料库,以收集下列项目:
1)综合护理B3行动小组的良好做法。
2)芬兰哮喘防治计划[13),过敏(51慢性阻塞性肺病[14被认为是国家慢性呼吸道疾病计划的原型。特别是波兰的“哮喘计划”。
3)葡萄牙国家计划,呼吸系统疾病(PNDR),第一个国家方案,包括所有的呼吸道疾病。
4 .由国家机构提供的照顾途径(如。英国的NICE或法国的Haute Autorite de Sante)。
5)世卫组织低收入人群哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病指南。
6)一种常见的方法严重哮喘和过敏性疾病。
7)所使用的初级保健慢性阻塞性肺病,哮喘,鼻炎,社区获得性肺炎,阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和戒烟[国家准则国际初级保健呼吸道组映射52]。
2)加强欧盟预防慢性呼吸道疾病的政策
欧盟委员会解决了慢性呼吸系统疾病作为重点优先事项,包括对烟草消费和环境空气质量,气候变化工作,和欧洲环境与健康战略下的行动立法。这些政策配合当前联合国进程的地址非传染性疾病及相关的社会经济和环境因素的积极支持委员会。目前迫切需要加强预防和健康促进,特别是戒烟(“健康的增长”公共卫生项目),改进的物理和社会环境,推广“全社会”有益价值的生活方式和“弱势特别是[组”53]。
3)严重慢性呼吸系统疾病患者的分层
严重程度是疾病过程的内在严重程度,控制是治疗目标达到的程度,反应性是治疗实现控制的容易程度。严重程度和控制的概念在指南中已大致发展为哮喘[54]。严重哮喘的统一定义[55]呈现给WHO [49]采用了源自国家哮喘教育和预防规划专家小组报告3指南的方法[56]。这种方法也被用于所有过敏性疾病(图2)[50],并且可以被用于COPD(表格1)。
患者的慢性呼吸系统疾病的分层可使用重度哮喘的统一定义的呈现给方法被概括世界卫生组织[55],为了具有严重程度,控制和风险可用的在大多数情况下一个统一的定义。这种统一的定义将使我们能够更好地界定严重过敏(及相关)疾病的临床实践,研究(包括流行病学),公共健康的目的和针对性,更好地定义表型的新疗法的开发的表型。
4)了解儿童和青少年呼吸道疾病和发展中的ICPs (P.A.R.IS)
过敏性疾病和哮喘往往在生命的早期开始,大部分患者将发展疾病的18岁之前。了解风险因素和机制过敏性慢性呼吸系统疾病和哮喘基本在童年,以及以确定这些疾病在学龄前儿童,学龄儿童和青少年管理的差距是很重要的。早期诊断和慢性呼吸系统疾病在儿童中的管理,预防是积极健康老龄化的提高至关重要。
在上AHA的EIP的框架,过敏的欧洲学院和临床免疫学(EAACI)已决定,变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响(ARIA),合作开发一个程序,以更好地了解气道疾病的儿童,提出的ICP发展的框架,在这个年龄组,考虑鼻炎和哮喘作为一个单一的实体。
由欧洲议会批准的过敏监测网络将在巴黎建立[28]。
5)制定老年人慢性呼吸系统疾病的重要问题
临床上诊断和老年人的慢性呼吸系统疾病管理的重要问题将通过三个步骤的Delphi程序来定义。这些问题包括慢性阻塞性肺病,哮喘,鼻炎和慢性呼吸系统疾病的合并症。多部门专家和患者都包括在内。
第一轮德尔菲调查:专家们被要求提出三个他们希望能够回答的关于老年人疾病的主要问题,包括共病。
第二轮德尔福:问题是由一组四个专家(二方法论)进行评估,以检查提出的问题中的冗余(类似的措辞)。
第三轮德尔福:问题被送往组协议。
第四轮Delphi:协调问题将发送给60位专家,他们将对这些问题进行排名。
优先考虑的问题包括:1)老年人哮喘;2)老年人慢性阻塞性肺病;3)老年人鼻炎;4)老年人哮喘与COPD并存;5)儿科干预措施如何对与呼吸系统疾病相关的衰老产生影响。
问题列表还将进行定制,以适用于所有国家,并针对社会经济和健康问题各不相同的低、中、高收入环境。第三轮Delphi将由两个专家小组审查:一个来自发展中国家,另一个来自发达国家。
优先排序的问题将在使用等级方法审查现有证据后得到回答。
继第一个完成的步骤,有人认为,需要为气道疾病更好的定义和他们的合并症如何簇(呼吸和非呼吸)。有可能是在生命周期内的差异。
6)了解并克服慢性呼吸系统疾病管理的障碍
存在许多障碍,妨碍在不同的环境和国家部署和使用非传染性疾病全球方法。
7)在老年人中的ICP鼻炎和整个生命周期哮喘合并症,以及慢性阻塞性肺病,哮喘和合并症的发展
1)开发一种能够在欧洲和其他国家使用多部门的ICP。
2)用于治疗哮喘和鼻炎合并症的P.A.R.IS办法(EAACI-ARIA)将在儿童和成年人和老年人的ARIA方法一起使用。
3)哮喘和COPD的组合方法已被提出用于老年人,因为这两种疾病重叠,并且往往难以区分,特别是在初级保健水平。此外,非呼吸系统合并症将被包括在内,因为老年患者往往有几种疾病与聚药房。
4),用于预防和控制相结合的策略。
5)特别重视年长者和/或缺医少药的病人。
6)实施预防慢性呼吸系统疾病的高性价比策略。
7)为了促进积极健康老化。航空公司-ICP的地方,在一个项目的疾病,文化和社会方面的特别关注病人为中心。
8)相互作用将采取AIRWAYS-的ICP的若干部分之间的地方,以开发ICPS(图3)。卫生技术评估将导致将在每个国家(或欧盟地区),以开发出可根据卫生系统内部的分歧不同多部门的ICP进行评估的建议,以及对不同的国家的社会经济和政治优先事项。
8)使用仿真工具(在老年人护理重新设计的途径)
与长期护理的老年人有关的医疗费用已在所有的国家增加。基于计算机的模拟工具可以给老年人提供综合保健服务。模拟是通过提高效率和减少不必要的成本,同时保持或提高护理质量用于医疗保健系统的决策[57]。它与系统的改变或改革的过程[58],并作为一种工具来解决医疗保健系统(医疗生态系统)的复杂性在所有利益相关者互动(患者,管理者,决策者和专业人士)。实施例被应用到感染性疾病[59]。该模拟可识别纵向医疗保健数据中的治疗效果[60],预防医疗中因科技引致的错误[61]。在“气道ICPs”领域,已使用计算分析来分析哮喘在气道力学参数中的作用[62]。
LTCMAS(长期护理多Agent系统)63是一个模拟器,作为一个起点,使用一个整体的护理系统模型,为需要长期护理的人,可持续社会健康模型(SSHM)。Jason多代理平台上模拟器的实现允许该工具包括老年人与医疗系统工作人员(卫生和社会工作者)之间的人际交互、偏好和社交能力。这个多代理平台的使用为模拟不同数量级的种群大小提供了所需的可伸缩性。该模拟器的闭环设计允许对目标人群与医疗系统的连续交互进行重复模拟。该模拟器可以预测不同的政策对考虑的人口以及医疗系统的长期影响。
使用西班牙语仿真工具LTCMAS [63作为一个原型,一个新的版本将适应气道患者组(LCT+气道ICPs)。LCT+ AIRWAYS ICPs将通过卫生信息系统在初级保健中心提供,以协助医生对患者进行分层和选择治疗途径,包括尝试纳入资源使用/成本影响。
9)应对整个生命周期慢性呼吸疾病
产前和早期生活事件在成人[慢性疾病的发展产生重大影响64,65]和老年人,包括糖尿病[66],冠状动脉心脏疾病[67),哮喘68),慢性阻塞性肺病(3.或神经退行性疾病[69]。更好地了解这些链接将有可能提出新的有效的预防策略,促进积极健康老龄化。
老化的发育起源是对欧盟政治议程。欧盟理事会(2011年)波兰优先促进儿童的识别,预防和慢性呼吸系统疾病的管理,最终影响健康老龄化[26]。在塞浦路斯担任欧盟理事会主席期间(2012年),加强了在老龄化方面非传染性疾病的发展决定因素,该理事会建议在整个生命周期内与非传染性疾病作斗争[27]。由朗格多克·鲁西永(Languedoc Roussillon)地区主办、塞浦路斯欧盟优先项目(Cyprus EU Priority, 2012年11月)主办的欧洲议会会议聚焦慢性呼吸道疾病[28]。
为了找到新颖的健康促进策略在非传染性疾病和促进价值创造,产前和早期生活事件在一次会议上讨论了12月2 - 3,2013年该地区郎格多克鲁西荣和行动框架的主持下B3 EIP啊哈。
10)多部门、多国行动
每个欧洲国家的成员将参与多部门的方法:初级和二级医疗服务,医疗保健专业人员(包括药剂师和护士),社会照顾者,病人和决策者。病人组织和欧洲主要的科学的社会是合作中心哮喘和鼻炎这一倡议世界卫生组织的合作伙伴。EUREGHA将有助于部署在欧盟地区的航空公司,ICP的。欧盟以外的合作伙伴也将参与的积极性。教育及训练与患者组织所有利益相关者将得到发展。
与私营机构的互动已经建立,例如Eurobiomed (www.eurobiomed.org;行动B3行动计划的承诺,这是促进MACVIA-LR经济增长的焦点;积极健康乐颐年,对抗慢性疾病)。
附加价值
空运-机场综合服务计划是一个遵从欧盟(理事会)建议的示范计划[25,26],这可能会成为美国心脏协会《信息产业计划B3行动计划》在其他慢性疾病中的ICPs模式。
该项目不重复可以在国家一级采取的行动,而是突出没有得到充分解决的问题,并促进或能够纠正这些需要。例如,只有不到10个欧盟国家在卫生部的支持下制定了国家哮喘计划。此外,在许多欧洲地区,尽管医疗保健是由地区提供的,但地区计划的存在是罕见的。
将利用各国或各区域已有的慢性呼吸道疾病解决方案,以及欧洲和其他地区卫生专业人员的专业知识,建立空中通道- - - icps。为了减少碎片化,已经被专业人员验证或已经证明他们成功的解决方案将被推广。
本项目应在第三千零五十三欧盟理事会结论:“对慢性疾病的公共卫生和医疗保健系统的创新方法”通过于2010年12月7日,和联合国高级别会议(2011)。哮喘和过敏性疾病是常见的慢性呼吸系统疾病和200周千万的人体对象在欧洲的影响。此外,该项目采用ICT - 创新的仿真工具。它的重点是欧盟理事会(2011年)的第三千一百三十一会议对顶层要求在儿童的预防和控制的结论。哮喘的计划是特别有效的弱势人群,并尝试将开展减少卫生不公平。
该项目将有助于实现积极老龄化的目标,并响应第三千二百零六理事会结论[27]建议及早诊断和治疗慢性疾病,以改善积极健康的老化情况。
航空公司 - 国际化学品安全方案的目的是提高健康寿命,减少负担(急诊,避免住院,残疾和成本),同时改善生活世界各地的质量,而且,从长远来看,通过新的和创新的预防,减少疾病的发病率策略。
国际机场-国际机场计划与欧盟的卫生策略有明显的战略关联,因为它将为现有的公共卫生知识带来额外的价值:
提出一种用于慢性呼吸系统疾病(和合并症)为整个欧盟的ICP然后可扩展到其他区域的共同框架(如。并将允许可比较性和跨国家行动。
为了帮助慢性呼吸道疾病患者的风险分层,使用一种常见的策略。
为了开发具有成本效益的政策,特别是加强对那些吸烟和环境暴露。
在短期(降低发病率、改善儿童教育和成人就业)和长期(健康老龄化)对公民健康产生重大影响。
为了以协助医生在患者的分割和途径的选择提出了整个欧盟的共同仿真工具。
致谢
呼吸道-ICP的研究小组的成员如下:J.布斯凯(大学医院蒙彼利埃; MACVIA-LR,战斗慢性病的健康老龄化,地域朗格多克鲁西永; MeDALL,过敏发展的机制; ARIA,过敏性鼻炎它的影响对哮喘; EAACI,欧洲科学院过敏和临床免疫学; EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,参考网站,EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,B3承诺行动; UM1,大学1,蒙彼利埃和基金会Partenariale,法国),A。亚的斯亚贝巴(EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,参考网站,EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,行动B3承诺,大区艾米利亚 - 罗马涅大区,意大利),一阿德科克(美国国家心肺研究所,英国伦敦帝国学院和皇家布朗普顿和哈尔菲尔德NIHR生物医学研究所,英国伦敦),一阿加什(ARIA,过敏性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响;罗马尼亚联盟抗击慢性呼吸疾病;医药,特兰西瓦尼亚大学,布拉索夫,罗马尼亚)的教师,A和Agusti(胸部研究所,医院诊所,IDIBAPS,巴塞罗那大学和CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias,西班牙),N. AIT-哈立德(联盟),R.阿克达(全球一个lliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), C.A. Akdis (SIAF, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research and University of Zurich; and Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland), M. Akdis (SIAF, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research and University of Zurich, Switzerland), A. Alonso (Hospital Clínic/FCRB, Barcelona, Spain), P. Altan (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), T. Altunsu (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), C. Andersen (APFQ, Associação Portuguesa de Fibrose Quística), A. Andrianarisoa (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), I. Annesi-Maesano (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), I.J. Ansotegui (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), J.M. Anto (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL); IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); and CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain), L. Araujo (Porto Age-Up consortium; APA, Associação Portuguesa de Asmáticos, Portugal), T. de Araujo (FPP, Fundação Portuguesa do Pulmão), A. Arias Cruz (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia; SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), N. Arpacı (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), A. Arrobas (PNDR, Portuguese National Programme for Respiratory Diseases), B. Aytaç (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), C. Bachert (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium), C.E. Baena-Cagnani (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Research Centre in Respiratory Medicine (CIMER), Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University, Cordoba, Argentina), C. Báez Loyola (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), C. Bai (Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Respiratory Society, Chinese Medical Association, China; Chinese Alliance against Lung Cancer), A. Baigenzhin (EuroAsian Respiratory Society, Astana City, Kazakhstan), C. Barbara (PNDR, Portuguese National Programme for Respiratory Diseases), P.J. Barnes (National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Royal Brompton and Harefield NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK), R.H. Bárnica Alvarado (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), E.D. Bateman (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa), H. Batura-Gabryel (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), L. Beck (Health Innovation Centre of Southern Denmark, Region of Southern Denmark), A. Bedbrook (University Hospital Montpellier; and MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), B. Beghé (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), M. Beji (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), E.H. Bel (Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands), B. Bello Rivera (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), A. Ben Kheder (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), O. Benezet (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), K.S. Bennoor (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Bangladesh Lung Foundation and National Institute of Diseases of Chest and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh), M. Benson (Centre for Individualised Medicine, Dept of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden), K.C. Bergman (GA2LEN,全球过敏和哮喘欧洲网;查理特大学医院过敏中心Charité的,柏林,德国),J。Beránková(SPCCH,呼吸危重病人ZO协会,赫拉德茨 - 克拉洛韦; CARO,捷克联盟抗击慢性呼吸疾病),M伯纳乌-Wittel(EIP-ON-AHA,健康主动欧洲创新伙伴关系和老化,参考网站,灵气安达卢西亚,西班牙和安达卢西亚医疗保健服务),F Berrissoul(SPLF,协商法语德Pneumologie),M比伊克(NHS英国,英国),A Bialozewski(Polastma,波兰), C. Bindslev-Jensen (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Odense University Hospital, Denmark), H. Blain (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), M.S. Blaiss (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), F. Blasi (ERS, European Respiratory Society; Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, IRCCS Cà Granda, Milan, Italy), G. Bochenek (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), A. Bodzenta-Łukaszyk (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), M. Bogic (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade; Association for Asthma and COPD in Serbia; and Clinic for Allergology and Immunology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia), M. Bonini (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy), S. Bonini (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Second University of Naples and Institute of Translational Medicine, Italian National Research Council), P. Boros (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), J. Bortkiewicz (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), L.P. Boulet (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada), A. Bourdin (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; UM1, University 1, Montpellier; and INSERM, U1046, France), R. Bourret (University Hospital Montpellier; and MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), P.J. Bousquet (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), A. Bręborowicz (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), A. Briggs (Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK), C.E. Brightling (National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK), J. Brozek (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Depts of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada), Z. Brzoza (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), R. Buhl (Pulmonary Department, III, Medical Centre, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, Germany), C. Bunu (Romanian Alliance against chronic respiratory diseases), P.J. Burney (National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Royal Brompton and Harefield NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK), A. Bush (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK), S. Býma (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Society of General Medicine), F. Caballero-Fonseca (Centro Medico Docente La Trinidad, Catacas, Venezuela), D. Caimmi (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), B. Cakır (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), M.A. Calderon (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; University of Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica; and Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK), P. Calverley (Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool and University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK), M.A. Calvo (Pediatrics Dept, Medicine Faculty, Austral University, Chile), P.A. Camargos (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Pediatrics, Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil), I. Cameron (Director of Public Health for Leeds, UK), T. Camuzat (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), G.W. Canonica (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS San Martino - IST - University of Genoa, Dept of Internal Medicine, Genoa, Italy), L.R. Caraballo (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), R. Cardona (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), K.H. Carlsen (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; NAH, National Allergy Health Programme, Norway; and University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Dept of Paediatrics, Oslo, Norway), W. Carr (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), T.B. Casale (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology and Creighton University and University of South Florida, FL, USA), M. Cazzola (University of Rome “Tor Vergata” Department of System Medicine, Rome, Italy), A.M. Cepeda Sarabia (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia; Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Metropolitan University; and Simon Bolivar University, Barranquilla, Colombia), A. Cesario (IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy), N.H. Chavannes (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group; Dept of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands), Y.Z. Chen (National Cooperative Group of Paediatric Research on Asthma, Asthma Clinic and Education Center of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Peking and Center for Asthma Research and Education, Beijing, PR China), R. Chiron (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), E. Chkhartishvili (Chachava Clinic, David Tvildiani Medical University-AIETI Medical School, Gr. Robakidze University, Georgia), A. Chuchalin (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); Pulmonology Research Institute and Russian Respiratory Society, Moscow, Russia), K.F. Chung (National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Royal Brompton and Harefield NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, London, UK), S.C. Coban (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), J. Correia de Sousa (APMGF, Associação Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar (APMGF)/Núcleo de Doenças Respiratórias – GRESP), D.J. Costa (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), L. Cox (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Nova Southeastern University Osteopathic College of Medicine, Davie, FL, USA), G. Crooks (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; NHS Scotland, Glasgow, UK), M.G. Crooks (Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, UK), A.A. Cruz (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); ProAR, Nucleo de Excelencia em Asma, Federal University of Bahia and CNPq, Salvador, Brazil), A. Custovic (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; University of Manchester, Manchester, UK), E. Czarnobilska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), U. Czechowska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), R. Dahl (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Odense University Hospital, Denmark), P. Dąbrowiecki (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), S.E. Dahlen (CfA, The Centre for Allergy Research, The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden), M. David (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), F. De Blay (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; SFA, Société française d'Allergologie; Strasbourg University, France), T. Dedeu (EUREGHA, European Regions and Health Authorities, Brussels, Belgium), D. Deleanu (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Romanian Alliance against chronic respiratory diseases; University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania), P. Demoly (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), P. Devillier (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; UPRES EA 220, Université Versailles Saint Quentin, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France), T. Didi (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), A. Didier (SPLF, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française; Dept of Respiratory Medicine, University of Toulouse, France), S. Dimić-Janjić (Association for Asthma and COPD in Serbia; Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia), A.T. Dinh Xuan (Service de Physiologie, Paris Descartes University EA 2511, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France), R. Djukanovic (University Southampton Faculty of Medicine and NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, UK), A. Doboszyńska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), D. Dokic (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; University Clinic of Pulmology and Allergy, University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje, Macedonia), H. Douagui (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Service de pneumo-allergologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Béni-Messous, Algiers, Algeria), R. Dubakiene (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; LSACI, Lithuanian Society of Allergology University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania), A. Dudvarski-Ilic (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia; Association for Asthma and COPD in Serbia; and Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia), A. Dymek (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), S. Eglin (NHS R&D North West, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK), A. El-Meziane (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), F. Elliot (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; NHS Scotland, Edinburgh, UK), R. Emuzyte (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; LSACI, Lithuanian Society of Allergology University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania), P. Ergün (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), L. Fabbri (Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy; Dept of Oncology, Haematology and Respiratory Diseases, Policlinic of Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy), A.M. Fal (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), A. Fink Wagner (GAAPP, Global Allergy and Asthma Patient Platform, Vienna, Austria), M. Fletcher (GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); Education for Health, Warwick, UK), W.J. Fokkens (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; European Rhinology Society), J. Fonseca (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Porto Age-Up consortium, Portugal; PNDR, Portuguese National Programme for Respiratory Diseases; Dept of Health Information and Decision Sciences and CINTESIS, Porto University Medical School; Allergy, Hospital S. Joao and Instituto and Hospital CUF Porto, Portugal), A. Franco (Internal and Geriatric Medicine, University of Nice - Sophia Antipolis, France), P. Frith (Repatriation General Hospital, Adelaide, Australia), A. Furber (Director of Public Health, Wakefield Council, UK), M. Gaga (7th Resp. Med. Dept and Asthma Centre; and Athens Chest Hospital, Athens, Greece), A. Gamkrelidze (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia), J. Garcés (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Spain), J. Garcia-Aymerich (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL); IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain), G. Gąszczyk (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), J.E. Gereda (Allergy and Immunology Division, Clinica Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru), R. Gerth van Wijk (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Section of Allergology, Dept of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands), E. Göktaş (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), C. Gomes (ANTDR, Associação Nacional da Tuberculose e Doenças Respiratórias, Portugal), J. Gomez Vera (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), M. Gonsalves (Porto Age-Up consortium, Portugal), R.A. González Galván (COMPENDIA, Mexico), M. Gotua (Center of Allergy and Immunology, Georgian Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Tbilisi, Georgia), L. Grouse (University of Washington School of Medicine, Faculty of the Department of Neurology, USA), K. Gryga (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), J. Guggiari (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), A. Gündoğan (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), M.A. Guzmán (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Immunology and Allergology Division, Dept of Medicine, Clinical Hospital University of Chile, Chile), T. Haahtela (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland), D. Harrison (Director of Public Health for Blackburn with Darwen, UK), M. Hayot (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), L.G. Heaney (Centre for Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK), J. Heinrich (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy), P.W. Hellings (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium), B. Hellquist-Dahl (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), D. Henderson (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; NHS Scotland, Glasgow, UK), J. Hooper (Director of Public Health for Kirklees, UK), J.O’B. Hourihane (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), M. Humbert (SPLF, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française), J. Hyánek (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Association of Help to Chronically Ill Children), M. Hyland (School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK), G. Iaccarino (Regione-Campania, Italy, EIP on AHA Reference Site; Dept of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno; and IRCCS Multimedica, Milano, Italy), Iduñate Palacios (COMPENDIA, Mexico), J.C. Ivancevich (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), D. Jakovenko (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), M. Jansová (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Cystic Fibrosis Association), J.R. Jardim (Respiratory Diseases, Escola Paulista de Medicina of Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil), E. Jassem (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), E. Jaworska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), R. Jaller Raad (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), C. Jeandel (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), C. Jenkins (The George Institute for Global Health and The University of Sydney, Australia), J. Jerzynska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), S.L. Johnston (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK), O. Jonquet (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), G. Joos (Dept Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium), K.S. Jung (Hallym University College of Medicine; Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea), D. Jurásková (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Pneumological Section of Nurses in ČAS), J. Just (Allergology Dept, Trousseau Hospital, APHP, UPMC, Paris, France), M. Kackzorek (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; Eurobiomed), T. Kakillioğlu (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), O. Kalayci (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD); Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Paediatric Allergy and Asthma Unit, Hacettepe, Ankara, Turkey), G.B. Karakoç (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), D. Kardas-Sobantka (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), C. Karlıkaya (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), S. Karunanithi (Director of Public Health, Lancashire County Council, UK), T. Keil (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin; and Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany), B. Keskinkılıç (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), N. Khaltaev (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO)), G. Khayat (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), Y.Y. Kim (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), A. Kocabaş (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), B. Koffi N'goran (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), N. Köktürk (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), V. Kolek (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), R. Komar (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), G.H. Koppelman (University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands), S. Kos (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech, Civic Association Against COPD (ČOPN)), M. Kosdak (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), G. Kostic (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac; and Paediatric Clinic, Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia), M.L. Kowalski (Dept Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland), J. Kozub (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), E. Králíková (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Working group for Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction), M. Krawiec (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), A. Kucharczyk (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), I. Kull (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden), P. Kuna (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; Polastma, Poland; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); Dept of Internal Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, Barlicki University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Poland), I. Kupryś-Lipińska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), V. Kvedariene (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; LSACI, Lithuanian Society of Allergology University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; Lithuanian-asthma-patients-clubs-association, Lithuania; Pulmonology and Allergology Center, Vilnius University, Lithuania), A. Kwśniewsk (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), J.E. de La Coussaye (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), D. Larenas-Linnemann (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), Z. Lazić (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac; and Clinic for Pulmonary Disease, Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Serbia), L.T. Le (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hochiminh City, Vietnam), J. Li (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), P. Lieberman (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), B. Lipworth (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), K.C. Lodrup Carlsen (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; NAH, National Allergy Health Programme, Norway; University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Dept of Paediatrics, Oslo, Norway), A.L. López González (COMPENDIA, Mexico), D.N. López Lizarraga (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), R. Louis (CHU Liege, GIGA I3.研究中心,列日大学,比利时),J.S洛萨诺·萨恩斯(纲要,墨西哥),H.卢西扎克-Aszkowska(波兰联盟抗击慢性呼吸疾病),五隆德(欧洲鼻科学会),A马西亚斯WEINMANN(SLaai,皇家社会拉丁美洲过敏症,阿斯玛ēImmunologia),W。MacNee(女王医学研究所,爱丁堡大学,爱丁堡,英国),T Maglakelidze(第比利斯国立大学医学诊断中心,格鲁吉亚),B. Mahboub(ARIA,过敏性鼻炎及其影响对哮喘),A。迈尔(Directorate of Finance, eHealth and Pharmaceuticals, Scottish Government Health Department, Edinburgh, UK), I. Majer (University of Batislava, Slovakia), M.J. Makela (Dept of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland), P. Manning (Dept of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (Medical School) Bon Secours Hospital, Dublin, Ireland), M. de Manuel Keenoy (Kronikgune, Basque Region, Spain), G.D. Marshall (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), F. Martin (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), E.A. Martínez Infante (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), M.R. Masjedi (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran), M. Maurer (GA2LEN,全球过敏和哮喘欧洲网;查理特大学医院过敏中心Charité的,柏林,德国),A.麦尚儿科过敏和肺病,儿童医院,研究所德Investigacion疗养地拉铁,瓦伦西亚,西班牙),M麦地那的阿瓦洛斯(单位(科莱焦德的墨西哥Inmunología服务ClínicaÿAlergia),E梅伦(MeDALL,过敏发展的机制; ARIA,过敏性鼻炎及其影响对哮喘;卡罗林斯卡医学院,临床科学和教育,环境医学,斯德哥尔摩,瑞典),E Melo-研究所系戈麦斯(EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,行动B3承诺; PNDR,葡萄牙语国家计划,呼吸系统疾病),A孟席斯,牌九(皇家布朗普顿医院,英国伦敦),G名士(MACVIA-LR,战斗慢性病的健康老龄化,地域朗格多克鲁西永;和UM1,大学1,法国蒙彼利埃),J.名士(大学医院蒙彼利埃; MACVIA-LR,战斗慢性病的健康老龄化,区域LAnguedoc鲁西永地区;EIP-ON-AHA,主动欧洲创新伙伴关系健康老龄化,行动B3承诺;and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), J.P. Michel (Geneva Medical School and University Hospitals, Switzerland), N. Miculinic (University Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases Jordanovac, Zagreb, Croatia), J. Mierzejewska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), W. Mierzwa (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), F. Mihaltan (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Romanian Alliance against chronic respiratory diseases; Institute of Pneumology Marius Nasta, Bucharest, Romania), M. Mikulášková (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; SPCCH ZO Club of Asthmatics, Olomouc, Czech Republic), B. Milenkovic (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia; Association for Asthma and COPD in Serbia; Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia), P. Minić (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade; and Institute for Mother and Child, Belgrade, Serbia), Y. Mohammad (Tishreen University School of Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, WHO – EMRO collaborating center for training and research in Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Lattakia, Syria), M. Molimard (Bordeaux University, France), I. Momas (Paris Descartes University, Dept of Public health and biostatistics, EA 4064 and Paris municipal Department of social action, childhood, and health, Paris, France), I. Monsoní (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Spain), A. Montilla-Santana (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site, Aura Andalucia, Spain), M. Morais-Almeida (Immunoallergy Dept, Hospital CUF-Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal; SPAIC, Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clínica, Portugal), B. Morfín Maciel (COMPENDIA, Mexico), M. Morgan (Respiratory National Clinical Director, NHS England, UK), J. Mullol (Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Dept, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS; CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain), D. Mungan (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), M. N'Diaye (Service de Médecine Interne et Pathologies Professionnelles, Hôpital Polyclinique de Dakar (IHS), Sénégal), M. Nakládalová (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Society of Occupational Diseases), R. Naclerio (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), S. Nafti (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Mustapha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria), L. Namazova-Baranova (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), K. Nekam (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Hospital of the Hospitaller Brothers in Buda, Budapest, Hungary), A. Neou (GA2LEN,全球过敏和哮喘欧洲网;查理特大学医院过敏中心Charité的,柏林,德国),B。Nestorović(医学,贝尔格莱德大学法律系,和大学儿童医院,贝尔格莱德,塞尔维亚),L Nicod(服务日Pneumologie,1011 CHUV-瑞士洛桑),E.Nizankowska-Mogilnicka (Dept of Pulmonology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Krakow, Poland), T.D. Nyembue (Kinshasa University, ENT Dept, Democratic Republic of Congo), B. Ochojska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), A. Obojski (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), R. O'Hehir (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia), K. Ohta (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; National Hospital Organization, Tokyo National Hospital and Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan), Y. Okamoto (Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan), K. Okubo (Dept of Otolaryngology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan), J. Olivas Villagrán (COMPENDIA, Mexico), S. Orea Hernández (Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia), M.P. Orru (Pharmacist, Italy), A. Østrem (IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group), S. Ouedraogo (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso), R. Ozacar (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), P. Paggiaro (Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Dept, University Hospital of Pisa, Italy), S. Palkonen (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EFA, European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases patient's association), S. Palmer (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), University of York, York, UK), P. Panzner (Dept of Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic), N.G. Papadopoulos (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology; University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Allergy Dept, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, University of Athens, Greece), A. Papi (Regione Emilia-Romagna; Ferrara University, Italy), G. Passalacqua (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS San Martino - IST - University of Genoa, Dept of Internal Medicine, Genoa, Italy), I. Pavord (NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, UK), R. Pawankar (Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan), S. Petrović (Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad; Institute for child and adolescents health care of Vojvodina; and Serbian Childhood Asthma Network, Serbia), V. Petru (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology), B. Pigearias (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), D. Plavec (Children's Hospital Srebrnjak, Zagreb, School of Medicine, University J.J. Strossmayer, Osijek, Croatia), W. Pohl (Krankenhaus Hietzing, Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, KLI for experimental and clinical pneumology, Vienna, Austria), P. Pohunek (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Working Group of Paediatric Pneumology; Czech Initiative for Asthma (ČIPA)), T.A. Popov (Clinic of Allergy and Asthma, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria), D.S. Postma (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; University of Groningen, Dept of Pulmonology, GRIAC Research Institute University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands), D. Price (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group; Academic Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK), P. Pruzinec (University of Batislava, Slovakia), M. Pudelko (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), J.L. Pujol (University Hospital Montpellier; and MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), X. Quantin (University Hospital Montpellier; and MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France), A.M. Quintas (APA, Associação Portuguesa de Asmáticos, Portugal), K.F. Rabe (Christian Albrechts University Kiel; LungenClinic Grosshansdorf; Airway Research Center North (ARCN); and German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany), S. Radic (Hospital for children with pulmonary diseases, Belgrade; and Serbian Childhood Asthma Network, Serbia), F. Radier-Pontal (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site), E-K. Radziszewska (IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group), A. Rajpura (Director of Public Health for Blackpool, UK), J. Ratomaharo (SPLF, Espace francophone de Pneumologie), J. Redon (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; Research Institute INCLIVA, University of Valencia; and CIBERObn, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain), S. Reitamo (Dept of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland), S. Rennard (University of Nebraska Medical Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA), L. Ribeiro (SPAP, Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia Pediátrica), D. Říčný (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Association of Allergic and Asthmatic Children), C. Robalo-Cordeiro (Centre of Pneumology, Coimbra University Medical School, Coimbra, Portugal), C.G. Roberts (EAACI, European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology), J. Roberts (Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, UK), J.M. Robine (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; INSERM, U710 and 988, France), J. Roca (Institut Clínic del Tòrax, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Spain), N. Roche (Pneumologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin - Site Val de Grâce, Université Paris Descartes and SPLF, Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française, Paris, France), F. Rodenas (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, Reference Site; Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Spain), B. Rogala (Dept and Clinic of Internal Diseases, Allergology and Clinical Immunology Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland), A. Roggeri (Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy), C. Rolland (Association Asthme & Allergies, Boulogne-Billancourt, France), M. Roman (IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group), J. Rosado-Pinto (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; PNDR, Portuguese National Programme for Respiratory Diseases; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO)), N. Rosario (Hospital de Clinicas, University of Parana, Brazil), M. Rottem (Division of Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel), E. Royere (MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon, France; EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; Eurobiomed), D. Ryan (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group; Woodbrook Medical Centre, Loughborough; Allergy and Respiratory Research Group, Center for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Edinburgh, UK), M. Rzeszutko-Grabowska (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), C. Saçkesen (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), A. Sacre Hazouri (COMPENDIA, Mexico), H. Sagara (Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Japan), B. Samolinski (EIP-on-AHA, European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, B3 Commitment for Action; Polastma, Poland; Dept of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland), M. Sanchez-Borges (Dept of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Medico-Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela), G.K. Scadding (The Royal National TNE Hospital, University College London, UK), P. Schmid-Grendelmeier (Allergy Unit, Dept of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland), H.J. Schünemann (Depts of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada), V. Sedlák (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech National Centre for Severe Asthma (NCTA)), N.H. Segura Mendez (Dept of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Ciudad de México, Mexico), A. Shaik (NHS Scotland, Glasgow, UK), A. Sheikh (Allergy and Respiratory Research Group, Centre for Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Edinburgh, UK; and Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA), M. Shields (Child Health, Queen's University Belfast and Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, UK), N. Siafakas (Dept of Thoracic Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece), Y. Sibille (University Hospital of Mont-Godinne, Catholic University of Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium), P. Śliwiński (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), T. Similowski (Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1158 “Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique”, Paris; INSERM, UMR_S 1158 “Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique”, Paris; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale (Département “R3S”), Paris; and Fonds de Dotation Recherche en Santé Respiratoire - Fondation du Souffle, France), F.E.R. Simons (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma), J.C. Sisul (Sociedad Paraguaya de Alergia Asma e Inmunología, Paraguay), A.C. Sisuz Alvariza (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), R. Skiepko (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), I. Small (National Advisory Group, Respiratory Managed Clinical Networks in Scotland), A.J. Soares (Porto Age-Up consortium, Portugal), M.L. Soares Branco (Associação-Respira, Portugal), O. Sola-Morales (HITT, Health Institute for Technology Transfer, Barcelona, Spain), D. Solé (Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Dept Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil), H. Solorio Gomez (COMPENDIA, Mexico), T. Sooronbaev (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; EuroAsian Respiratory Society; GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO); National Centre Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), V. Spicak (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology), O. Spranger (GAAPP, Global Allergy and Asthma Patient Platform, Vienna, Austria), I. Stanković (Association for Asthma and COPD in Serbia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis; and Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases, Clinical Center of Nis, Serbia), R. Stelmach (Pulmonary Division, InCor (Heart Institute), Hospital da Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil), A. Šteflová (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; WHO Czech Country Office), P.J. Sterk (Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands), T. Stiris (Dept of Neonatal Intensive Care, Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval, Norway; Dept of Paediatrics, Nordland Hospital, Bodo, Norway; European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP-UEMS)), S.W. Stoloff (University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA), P. Sud (Regional Medical Manager (North), NHS England, UK), J. Sunyer (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL); IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF); CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain), K. Targosz (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), V. Tellier (Observatoire wallon de la santé, Direction générale opérationnelle Pouvoirs locaux, action sociale et Santé, Service public de Wallonie, Belgium), M. Thomas (IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group), N.C. Thomson (NHS Scotland, Glasgow, UK), T. To (GARD, Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (WHO)), P. Toche (SLaai, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Allergia, Asma e Immunologia), A. Todo-Bom (Immunoallergy Dept, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal), V. Tomic-Spiric (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade; and Clinic for Allergology and Immunology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia), E. Trębas-Pietraś (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), M. Triggiani (Dept of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy), M. Tucek (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Society of Occupational Medicine), B. Trzepióra (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), D. Tugay (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), R. Valenta (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Dept of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Centre of Pathophysiology, Infectology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria), A.L. Valero (Thorax Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Spain), A. Valiulis (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Lithuanian National Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (LACRD); LSACI, Lithuanian Society of Allergology University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania; European Acacdemy of Paediatrics (EAP-UEMS); Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Lithuania), E. Valovirta (Dept of Lung Diseases and Clinical Allergology, Univ. of Turku, Finland), M. Van den Berge (Dept of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands), E. Van Ganse (Pharmacoepidemiology Unit and Respiratory Medicine, CHU-Lyon and UMR CNRS 5558, Claude-Bernard University Lyon, France), O. Vandenplas (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; University Hospital of Mont-Godinne, Catholic University of Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium), T. Vasankari (FILHA, Finnish Lung Association), J. Vestbo (Dept of Respiratory Medicine J, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Respiratory and Allergy research Group, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK), G. Vezzani (EIP on AHA B3 Action Group (Delivering Integrated Care Models), Regional Agency for Health and Social Care, Emilia-Romagna Region; and Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova/IRCCS, Research Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy), P. Vichyanond (Dept of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand), G. Viegi (CNR, Institutes of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), Palermo, and of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy), C. Virchow (University Hospital, Rostock, Germany), L. Visier (University Hospital Montpellier; MACVIA-LR, Fighting Chronic Diseases for Healthy Ageing, Région Languedoc Roussillon; and UM1, University 1, Montpellier, France), C. Vogelmeier (Dept of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL)), T. Vontetsianos (Sotiria Hospital, Athens, Greece), J. Vorlicek (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Oncological Society), J. Vyskočilová (CARO, Czech Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases; Czech Sleep Research and Sleep Medicine Society), R. Wagstaff (Acting Director of Public Health, Cumbria County Council, The Courts, Carlisle, UK), U. Wahn (Charité University Hospital, Allergy Centre Charité, Berlin, Germany), B. Wallaert (SFA, Société française d'Allergologie; Hôpital Albert Calmette, CHRU, Lille, France), D.Y. Wang (Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore), I. Węgrzyn-Szkutnik (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), B. Whalley (School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK), M. Wickman (MeDALL, Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy; ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden), E. Willak-Janc (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), D.M. Williams (Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA), N. Wilson (Senior EU Health Specialist, North of England EU Health Partnership, UK), A. Windak (IPCRG, International Primary Care Respiratory Group), N. Yardım (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), B.P. Yawn (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Olmsted Medical Center, Dept of Research and University of Minnesota, Dept of Family and Community Health, Rochester, MN, USA), P.K. Yiallouros (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in Association with Harvard School of Public Health; Cyprus University of Technology), F. Yıldız (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), A. Yorgancioglu (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), H. Yüksel (Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD), Turkey), O.M. Yusuf (The Allergy and Asthma Institute, Pakistan; Planning Group, GARD), H.J. Zar (Dept of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa), N. Zhong (Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China), M. Zidarn (ARIA, Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma; University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, Slovenia), Z. Zietkowski (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), G. Zioło (Polish Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases), S. Zivanovic (Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis; Serbian Childhood Asthma Network; and Paediatric Clinic, Clinical Centre of Nis, Serbia), Z. Živković (Hospital for children with pulmonary diseases, Belgrade; and Serbian Childhood Asthma Network, Serbia), T. Zuberbier (GA2LEN,全球过敏和哮喘欧洲网;查理特大学医院过敏中心Charité的,柏林,德国),五Zugic(医学,贝尔格莱德大学法律系,并诊所肺疾病,塞尔维亚临床中心,塞尔维亚),B. Zvezdin(协会哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病在塞尔维亚;诺维萨德大学和研究所肺疾病和结核病临床中心伏伊伏丁纳,塞尔维亚),和K.齐格蒙特(波兰联盟抗击慢性呼吸疾病)。
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- 收到2014年1月20日。
- 接受2014年3月11日。
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