文摘
黏膜纤毛的清除(MCC),过程中气道粘液物质一起被困在肺部搬出去,是一个重要的人体的防御机制。药物可能会改变这个过程,这样有必要知道药物对MCC的效果。的确,代理可以使用刺激MCC在呼吸系统药物治疗,特别是在病人怀疑有损伤的黏膜纤毛的交通系统。相比之下,应采取谨慎用药物压抑MCC作为一个不受欢迎的副作用,独立的治疗适应症。因为咳嗽的间隙(CC)作为备用系统MCC失败时,必须检查药物的影响不仅在MCC还在CC。最终,改变粘液的临床影响交通诱导药物管理局必须研究。三级铵化合物(抗胆碱能类),阿司匹林,麻醉代理和苯二氮平类药物已被证明能够抑制黏膜纤毛的交通系统。胆碱能、methylxanthines cromoglycate钠、食盐水、盐以及水气溶胶的出现提升了MCC。肾上腺素的拮抗剂,东西,S-carboxymethylcysteine,钠2-mercapto-ethane磺酸盐和速尿灵已报告不显著改变黏膜纤毛的运输。阿米洛利,尿苷5 '三磷酸(UTP)季铵化合物(抗胆碱能类),肾上腺素能受体激动剂、糖皮质激素,重组人类脱氧核糖核酸酶(rhDNase), n -乙酰半胱氨酸常溴己新和ambroxol已报告不改变或增加MCC。间接的数据表明,表面活性剂以及抗生素可能会改善黏膜纤毛的交通系统。 As for the influence of drugs on CC, amiloride and rhDNase have been demonstrated to increase the effectiveness of cough. A trend towards an improved CC was noted after treatment with adrenergic agonists. The anticholinergic agent ipratropium bromide, which is a quaternary ammonium compound, has been suggested to decrease CC significantly. Bromhexine, ambroxol and neutral saline seemed not to alter CC, either positively or negatively. Finally, treatment with either amiloride, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease, bromhexine, ambroxol, N-acetylcysteine, S-carboxymethylcysteine or hypertonic saline has been suggested as a possible cause of clinical improvement in patients, such as the experience of dyspnoea, the case of expectoration or the frequency of infective exacerbations. Other agents did not show a clinical benefit.