文摘
世界上最糟糕的化学工业灾害,发生在博帕尔12月2 - 3日,1984年,导致相当大的呼吸道发病率暴露人群。因此,研究计划评估之间的关系下呼吸道炎症,肺功能和严重程度的曝光。六十患者暴露于异氰酸甲酯,出现呼吸道症状进行了研究使用支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)事故发生后1 - 7岁。肺功能测试包括用力肺活量(FVC)和一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)。指数严重程度的暴露是派生的回顾的基础上急性症状的受害者自己或家庭成员之间死亡的发生。肺总炎症细胞(p < 0.01)和绝对数量的巨噬细胞(p = 0.01)和淋巴细胞(p < 0.05),增加曝光的严重程度增加。FEV1 / FVC % (p = 0.05)的接触也显著降低严重程度增加。适度暴露受试者FEV1 / FVC %明显降低(p < 0.05)相比温和暴露出来。在不吸烟者,BAL中性粒细胞百分比和绝对数字,显示与FEV1 %的预测显著负相关性(r = -0.350, p < 0.05;分别和rs = -0.374, p < 0.01)。 Neutrophil percentage was negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC % (rs = -0.378; p < 0.01). Absolute lymphocytes had significant negative correlations with FVC % pred (rs = -0.318; p < 0.05). Macrophages had significant positive correlations with FVC % pred (rs = 0.322; p < 0.05) and FEV1 % pred (rs = 0.433; p < 0.01). Radiographic abnormalities (International Labour Organization (ILO) classification) were associated with decline in FEV1 % pred (p < 0.05). This study suggests that pulmonary function abnormalities occur in gas-exposed subjects as a consequence of an abnormal accumulation of lung inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and neutrophils), and that the intensity of lung inflammation and reduction in pulmonary function are greater in severely exposed subjects. As it has been observed that decline in pulmonary function is associated with radiographic abnormalities, there is a suggestion that injury following toxic gas exposure can lead to irreversible lung damage.