抽象的
我们调查了空气污染对欧洲慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的医院入院的短期影响。作为欧洲项目的一部分(空气污染和健康,欧洲方法(APHEA)),我们使用标准化的数据资格和统计分析分析了来自阿姆斯特丹,巴塞罗那,伦敦,米兰,巴黎和鹿特丹城市的数据。每日COPD入院的相对风险使用Poisson回归获得,控制:季节性和其他周期;流感流行病;一周中的天;温度;湿度和自相关。估计每个污染物对每个城市的回归系数的平均值的摘要效应是通过方差的倒数加权的平均值,允许根据需要额外的城市之间方差。For all ages, the relative risks (95% confidence limits (95% CL)) for a 50 microg x m(-3) increase in daily mean level of pollutant (lagged 1-3 days) were (95% CL): sulphur dioxide 1.02 (0.98, 1.06); black smoke 1.04 (1.01, 1.06); total suspended particulates 1.02 (1.00, 1.05), nitrogen dioxide 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) and ozone (8 h) 1.04 (1.02, 1.07). The results confirm that air pollution is associated with daily admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in European cities with widely varying climates. The results for particles and ozone are broadly consistent with those from North America, though the coefficients for particles are substantially smaller. Overall, the evidence points to a causal relationship but the mechanisms of action, exposure response relationships and pollutant interactions remain unclear.