摘要
吸烟是影响社会健康和经济福利的高危行为。因此,量化吸烟给德国社会机构带来的经济负担很重要。大约33.4%的男性和20.4%的女性是烟民。本研究根据1996年的数据调查吸烟的卫生保健费用,重点关注与吸入烟草烟雾有关的7种最常见疾病:慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD,国际疾病分类(ICD) 490-491);肺癌(icd162);434 - 438年中风(ICD);冠状动脉疾病(ICD 410-414);口腔喉癌(ICD 140- 149,161)和动脉硬化性闭塞性疾病(ICD 440)。在MEDLINE、德国医学文献和信息研究所、互联网以及医疗保险公司和德国联邦统计局的数据库中进行了数据搜索。直接成本和间接成本分别计算。 The results estimate the total smoking related health care costs (attributable fraction due to smoking) for COPD to be 5.471 billion EURO (73%), for lung cancer 2.593 billion EURO (89%), for cancer of the mouth and larynx 0.996 billion EURO (65%), for stroke 1.774 billion EURO (28%), for coronary artery disease 4.963 billion EURO (35%) and for atherosclerotic occlusive disease 0.761 billion EURO (28%). The economic burden of smoking related health care costs for Germany is 16.6 billion EURO. Smoking is therefore responsible for 47% of the overall costs of these diseases (35.2 billion EURO). In the view of the high costs for smoking, of which almost 50% are due to respiratory disease, pneumologists should enhance their effort in primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.