％0期刊文章％a linden，a％acardell，lo％a yoshihara，s％a nadel，ja％t垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽和相关肽％D 1999％J欧洲呼吸期Journal％v 14％n 2％X垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽（PACAP）存在于气道中支气管和血管平滑肌附近的神经中。PACAP的至少一种内源性形式PACAP 1-27在肺中具有高亲和力结合位点，可能包括胆碱能神经末端，支气管平滑肌，上皮和单核炎症细胞。PACAP 1-27和1-38在体内的作用机理涉及内源性儿茶酚胺，肽酶和一氧化氮，具体取决于组织类型。细胞内，环状腺苷单磷酸（CAMP）以及钙和钠动员可能涉及。PACAP 1-27和1-38在体外和体内抑制气道平滑肌音。PACAP 1-38的抑制作用比PACAP 1-27在体外和体内更持续。与血管活性肠肽（VIP）相比，PACAP 1-38还会导致吸入后支气管收缩的持续抑制作用。PACAP 1-27几乎静脉注射消除了过敏原诱导的体内支气管收缩。PACAP 1-27的新型合成类似物比PACAP 1-27或1-38在体外和体内更持续抑制光滑肌肉。 Both PACAP 1-27 and 1-38 inhibit arterial smooth muscle tone but, administration of PACAP 1-27, 1-38 or a structural analogue of PACAP 1-27 in the airways, induces no cardiovascular side effects at doses inhibiting bronchoconstriction. PACAP 1-38 enhances phagocytosis in macrophages and inhibits the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-2 in lymphocytes, suggesting antiinflammatory effects. It is concluded that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide 1-27 and 1-38, or structurally related molecules, may be useful as bronchodilators but their effect on human bronchial smooth muscle and on human inflammatory cells is in need of evaluation. %U //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/erj/14/2/443.full.pdf