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T*
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[(transducer)-345.6(\(V)101.1(alid)-8.2(yne)]TJ
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[(MP45,)-135.5(\2132)-136.9(cmH)]TJ
7.472 0 0 6.641 117.354 283.691 Tm
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9.963 0 0 9.963 121.096 285.392 Tm
[(O;)-138.7(V)103.4(alidyne)-141.8(Corp.,)-135.3(Nor)-7.8(thridge,)-137.7(CA,)-135.7(USA)-9.4(\).)]TJ
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[(The)-285.7(pneum)-7.4(otacho)-7.8(graph)-290.3(was)-286.7(linear)-290.6(over)-283.9(the)-289.6(experiment)-12.6(al)]TJ
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[(was)-281(ob-)]TJ
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7.97 0 0 7.97 133.398 233.064 Tm
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[(\))-349.5(was)-360.6(measured)-360.4(throu)-7.8(gh)-354.3(a)-354(side)-354.2(port)]TJ
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[(transducer)-260.3(\(V)101.1(ali-)]TJ
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7.472 0 0 6.641 403.143 770.003 Tm
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[(O;)-275.3(V)103.4(alid)-8.2(yne\).)-272.9(The)-274.3(breathing)-275.8(ass-)]TJ
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/F14 1 Tf
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7.472 0 0 6.641 386.986 718.129 Tm
(2)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 390.727 719.773 Tm
[(O)-357.5(and)]TJ
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7.472 0 0 6.641 455.924 724.195 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 462.104 719.773 Tm
[(.)-347.5(The)]TJ
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(P)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
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/F4 1 Tf
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[(,)-353.2(and)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
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[(puter)-224.4(hard)-215.6(d)-6.5(isk)-216.4(for)-216(subseq)-7.4(uent)-222.1(analysis.)-225(Data)-220.7(analysis)-224.6(was)]TJ
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[(perfor)-9.8(med)-353(using)-348.8(ANA)-8.4(DA)104.4(T)-283.7(soft)-8.2(ware)-350.8(\(vers)-8.6(ion)-346.1(5.1;)-352.2(RHT)81.7(-)]TJ
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[(InfoD)-10.9(at)-448.2(Inc.,)-448.9(Mont)-7.4(real,)-446.4(Can)-7.4(ada\).)-449.7(During)-450.7(the)-448.9(study)-451.2(the)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(time)-324.3(course)-321.2(of)]TJ
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(V)Tj
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/F11 1 Tf
0.9219 0 TD
[(were)-322.4(continuous)-8.3(ly)-316.9(monitor)-9.2(ed)]TJ
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(')Tj
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(-)Tj
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(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.9389 0 TD
[(loops)-7.4(.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
-5.7816 -2.2193 TD
[(Spir)21.8(ometry)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
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7.97 0 0 7.97 448.838 574.639 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 455.868 574.639 Tm
[(an)20.8(d)-308.1(F)0(V)18.1(C)-312.8(w)12.4(e)0(r)13.5(e)-308.5(me)17.7(a-)]TJ
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[(da)15.1(y)-325.1(a)0(c)20.4(c)0(o)15.1(r)0(d)19.6(i)0(n)18.9(g)-325.1(to)-316.9(th)18.9(e)-325.5(A)114.8(TS)-317.8(gu)15.5(id)18.8(el)18.5(in)18.9(es)-316.1([1)48.1(1].)]TJ
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0 -1.0471 TD
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0 -1.0527 TD
[(point)-8.6(s)-548.3(were)-550(anchore)-8.1(d)-547.1(such)-550.9(that)-554.5(zero)-551.8(repres)-9.8(ented)-547.6("no)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(breat)-8.6(hless)-9(ness")-345.3(and)-344.1(10)-343(was)-343.6("the)-344.5(most)-345.5(severe)-350(breat)-8.6(hless-)]TJ
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[(ness)-472.5(that)-474.8(they)-466.8(had)-469.3(eve)-8.8(r)-463.3(experi)-9.4(enced)-471.7(or)-469.7(could)-473.2(imagine)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(exp)-8.4(eriencing",)-342.9(respec)-8.6(tively)56.2(.)]TJ
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0 -2.4185 TD
[(Pr)27.3(ocedur)21.9(e)-331.2(and)-338(data)-335.5(analys)-8.6(is)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.0015 -2.0998 TD
[(Mc)13.2(h)-217(c)0(h)15.1(l)0(o)18.9(r)0(i)17.3(d)0(e)-212.5(p)0(r)19.6(o)0(v)15.5(o)0(c)20.8(a)0(t)12.8(i)0(o)18.9(n)-217(st)17.7(ud)15.5(ie)18.4(s)-223.9(w)12.4(er)13.5(e)-217.4(c)0(a)14.7(r)0(r)18(i)0(e)18.4(d)-222.7(ou)21.2(t)-219.4(u)0(s)14.4(i)0(n)18.8(g)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0528 TD
-0.0182 Tc
[(t)-18.2(h)-5(e)-377.9(s)-18.2(ta)-18.2(nd)-18.2(ar)-18.2(di)-18.2(ze)-18.2(d)-372.9(p)-18.2(ro)-18.2(to)-18.2(co)-18.2(l)-369.2(o)-18.2(f)-368.5(C)]TJ
6.974 0 0 6.974 431.263 363.572 Tm
0.0001 Tc
[(OC)18.4(KC)18.4(RO)18.4(FT)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
9.963 0 0 9.963 470.608 363.572 Tm
0 Tc
[(et)-351.4(al)13.2(.)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
2.4242 0 TD
[([1)19.6(3])-361.6(while)]TJ
-18.6138 -1.0471 TD
[(the)-380.7(subjects)-378.3(wer)-8.2(e)-371.1(lyin)-7.8(g)-370.7(supin)-7.4(e)-371.1(o)0(n)-377.1(a)-371.1(comf)-8.2(ortab)-8.2(le)-374.2(couch.)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(Bef)-9(ore)-214.8(the)-221.3(Mch)-220.9(provoca)-7.7(tion)-218.4(test)-9.4(,)-216.6(each)-220.5(subject)-222.6(had)-218.9(a)-217.4(5)-217(min)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(tri)-8.6(al)-237.6(in)-242.9(order)-246.4(to)-242.9(becom)-7.8(e)-240.2(accust)-9.4(omed)-245.6(to)-237.2(the)-244.1(NEP)-242.9(ap)-7.6(paratus)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(and)-270.2(procedu)-7.7(re.)-265.7(After)-269.8(this,)-265.5(eac)-9.2(h)-262.5(subject)-268.2(was)-269.6(studied)-267.8(in)-265.7(the)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(prechal)-10.5(lenge)-547.6(stat)-9.4(e)-541.8(breat)-8.6(hing)-546(air)-547.3(and)-549(next)-546.4(inhal)-9(ing)-545.3(an)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(aeroso)-8.2(l)-259.2(o)0(f)-259.2(phospha)-6.9(te)-254.7(b)-6.5(uff)11.6(ered)-261.5(sali)-9.4(ne)-258(\(PBS\))-260.5(solution)-8.7(.)-256.5(This)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(was)-354.9(follow)-9.2(ed)-349.1(by)-348.7(inhalati)-10.7(on)-348.7(of)-350.3(increasing)-357.8(concent)-8.9(rations)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(of)-429.9(Mch)-431.4(chloride)-434.4(aerosol.)-432.8(For)-424.2(a)-6.9(erosol)-431.2(inhalati)-10.7(on)-422.6(the)-431.9(jet)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(W)26.5(right)-380.1(nebulizer)-384.3(was)-377.7(used)-380.2(\(Aerosol)-381.4(Medi)-7.8(cal)-375.4(Ltd.,)-379.4(Col-)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(che)-8.8(ster)31.2(,)-290.6(Essex,)-289.9(UK\),)-291(whos)-8.2(e)-285.7(output)-293.9(was)-292.3(0.13)-287.2(mL)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
19.3706 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2732 -0.1992 TD
(min)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 520.384 263.395 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 529.398 258.973 Tm
(at)Tj
-22.0907 -1.0471 TD
(a)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
0.8365 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F12 1 Tf
0.7739 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.4837 0 TD
[(of)-401.5(5)-393.4(L)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
2.7201 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2731 -0.1992 TD
(min)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 375.42 252.964 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 381.543 248.542 Tm
[(.)-393(Eac)-7.2(h)-393.4(aeroso)-8.2(l)-395.8(dose)-403(was)-394.8(admi)-9(nistered)]TJ
-7.2498 -1.0528 TD
[(durin)-7.8(g)-217(2)-222.7(min)-218.4(of)-219.4(tida)-8.2(l)-219.4(breath)-9.4(ing.)-221.3(After)-224.3(each)-220.5(dose)-220.9(of)-225.1(aerosol)]TJ
T*
[(the)-392(subje)-7.8(cts,)-387.9(wearing)-395.3(a)-388.1(noseclip,)-394.5(were)-390.7(asked)-392.8(to)-385.2(breat)-8.6(he)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
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[(essar)-8.6(ily)-337.1(always)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
6.436 0 TD
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.552 0 TD
[(1)-6.5(00%)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
2.6632 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 160.441 311.357 Tm
(T)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 164.523 311.357 Tm
(.)Tj
-9.6626 -1.0471 TD
[(In)-287.7(li)16.5(ne)-280.8(wi)14.9(th)-288.4(pr)19.6(ev)15.1(io)18.9(us)-281.6(st)17.7(ud)15.5(ie)18.4(s)-297.9([)0(3)19.6(,)-302(10],)-311.6(the)-306.7(application)-315(of)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0527 TD
[(NEP)-447.7(was)-451.7(not)-448.5(associ)-10.1(ated)-450.1(with)-449.9(unplea)-7.8(sant)-445.2(sensat)-10.1(ions)-450.5(or)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(cough.)-306.2(W)32.2(ith)-303(NEP)-305.5(the)-306.7(expiratory)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
13.3045 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F12 1 Tf
0.7682 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.4154 0 TD
[(eithe)-9.4(r)-298.3(incre)-8.6(ased)-301(\(ref-)]TJ
-14.4881 -1.0527 TD
[(lecting)-360.4(absence)-361(of)-350.2(FL\))-354.3(o)-6.5(r)-349.5(did)-357.5(not)-351.8(change)-358.6(durin)-7.8(g)-347.9(part)-360.2(of)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(the)-329.4(expiratio)-10.7(n)-325.1(\(reflecti)-14.3(ng)-325.9(presenc)-9.3(e)-325.5(o)0(f)-321.8(FL\))-7.2(.)-324.7(There)-329(was)-332.2(no)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(instance)-417.3(in)-413.6(whic)-9.8(h)-410.5(the)-409.1(app)-8.4(lication)-414.8(of)-412.8(NEP)-419.3(resulted)-418.5(in)-413.6(a)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(sustained)-424.5(decreas)-9.7(e)-416.6(o)0(f)-412.8(e)-6.9(xpiratory)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
13.6516 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F12 1 Tf
0.7682 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.6373 0 TD
[(below)-420.3(control)-421.8(as)-418.5(a)]TJ
-15.0572 -1.0528 TD
[(consequ)-7.3(ence)-340(of)-333.2(upper)-341.6(airway)-337.7(coll)-8.2(apse)-335.1(or)-338.9(narrowin)-10.3(g.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
0 -2.3559 TD
[(Statist)-10.4(ical)-338.3(analysis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.0015 -1.8551 TD
[(Co)16.5(mp)18.1(ar)13.5(is)17.7(on)-331.6(be)20.8(tw)14.9(ee)14.7(n)-342.2(d)0(i)18.9(f)20.4(fe)13.5(re)19.2(nt)-334(ex)20.8(pe)15.1(ri)17.3(me)17.7(nt)18.9(al)-334.4(co)15.1(nd)21.2(it)16.5(io)13.2(ns)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0471 TD
[(wa)16.9(s)-434.4(m)0(a)17.7(d)0(e)-423(u)0(s)14.4(i)13.9(ng)-428.3(t)13.9(h)0(e)-428.7(S)11.4(tu)18.9(de)15.1(nt)]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
11.6486 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2106 0 TD
-0.0178 Tc
[(s)-446.5(p)-17.8(ai)-17.8(re)-17.8(d)-440.8(t)-17.8(-t)-17.8(es)-17.8(t)-444(f)-17.8(or)-452.6(t)-17.8(h)1(e)-451.5(l)-17.8(un)-17.8(g)]TJ
-11.8591 -1.0528 TD
0 Tc
[(fu)19.6(nc)15.1(ti)16.5(on)-257.6(me)17.7(as)13.9(ur)19.6(em)17.7(en)15.1(ts)17.7(,)-267.8(a)0(n)15.1(d)-268.2(th)18.9(e)-268.6(W)37.9(il)16.5(co)20.8(xo)15.5(n)-268.2(m)0(a)17.7(t)0(c)18.4(h)0(e)15.1(d)-268.2(pa)20.8(ir)17.3(ed)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(si)17.7(gn)15.5(ed)-337.7(ra)13.5(nk)21.2(s)-354.8(t)13.9(es)13.9(t)-350.3(f)0(o)19.6(r)-355.2(t)13.9(h)0(e)-343.4(B)0(o)16.5(r)20.4(g)-353.6(s)0(c)19.6(o)0(r)13.9(e)0(.)-337.3(R)0(e)16.1(g)0(r)13.9(e)0(s)19.6(s)0(i)17.7(o)0(n)-343(a)0(n)20.8(a)0(l)18.4(y)0(s)14.4(i)0(s)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(be)15.1(tw)20.6(ee)14.7(n)-285.3(t)0(h)18.9(e)-285.7(Bo)16.5(r)20.4(g)-285.3(sc)19.6(or)13.9(es)-276.3(an)20.8(d)-285.3(t)0(h)18.9(e)-285.7(ch)15.1(an)15.1(ge)20.8(s)-286.5(i)0(n)-277.1(I)0(C)-275.3(r)0(e)19.2(l)0(a)12.8(t)0(i)16.5(v)0(e)-275.1(t)0(o)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(P)11.4(B)0(S)-267.2(w)0(a)11.2(s)-275.1(pe)20.8(rf)18(or)13.9(me)17.7(d)-273.9(u)0(s)14.4(i)0(n)18.9(g)-273.9(th)18.9(e)-274.3(S)0(p)16.3(e)0(a)14.7(r)0(m)16.5(a)0(n)-263.7(r)0(a)13.5(n)0(k)21.2(-)0(o)13.9(r)0(d)19.6(e)0(r)-265.3(m)0(e)12(t)0(h)18.9(-)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(od)15.5(.)-455.6(V)109.1(al)18.4(ue)20.8(s)-462.9(a)0(r)19.2(e)-462.1(ex)20.8(pr)14(es)19.6(se)19.6(d)-461.7(a)0(s)-447(m)0(e)12(a)0(n)20.8(\213)]TJ
6.974 0 0 6.974 203.698 122.967 Tm
0.0001 Tc
(SD)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 212.428 122.967 Tm
0.4613 Tc
[(,a)461.3(n)482.1(d)-0.4(p)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
3.0786 0 TD
0 Tc
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.5406 0 TD
[(0.)15.9(05)-451.1(w)12.4(a)0(s)]TJ
-19.0918 -1.0471 TD
[(ta)18.4(ke)15.1(n)-325.1(a)0(s)-310.4(s)0(t)12(a)0(t)18.5(i)0(s)17.7(t)0(i)16.5(c)0(a)20.4(l)0(l)16.5(y)-325.1(si)17.7(gn)21.2(if)17.3(ic)12.8(an)20.8(t.)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
35.0595 39.6631 TD
[(Res)-7.8(ults)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
-8.5131 -2.0998 TD
[(B)11.6(o)0(t)13.2(h)-330.8(be)15.1(fo)19.6(re)-327.9(an)20.8(d)-336.5(a)0(f)19.2(t)0(e)18.4(r)-338.1(in)18.9(ha)15.1(la)18.4(ti)16.5(on)-325.9(of)-321.8(PB)17.3(S)-335.7(t)0(h)18.9(e)0(r)13.5(e)-331.2(wa)16.9(s)-337.7(n)0(o)]TJ
-1.3487 -1.0755 TD
[(ti)16.5(da)15.1(l)-282(e)0(x)15.1(p)0(i)18.9(r)0(a)13.5(t)13.9(or)13.9(y)-285.3(F)11.4(L)-283.7(i)0(n)-277.1(a)0(n)15.1(y)-285.3(of)-276.3(th)18.9(e)-285.7(e)0(i)18.4(g)0(h)15.5(t)-282(su)14.4(bj)18.9(ec)20.4(ts)-278.3(st)17.7(ud)15.5(i)13.9(e)0(d)15.1(,)-284.9(as)]TJ
T*
[(sh)14.4(ow)17.3(n)-461.7(b)0(y)-456.8(t)0(h)18.8(e)-467.8(NE)18.9(P)-466.6(t)0(e)18.4(s)0(t)-454.7(i)0(n)-459.2(f)0(i)17.3(g)0(u)15.5(r)0(e)-453.1(1)0(.)-467.8(Seven)-476.2(indi)-7.8(viduals)]TJ
T*
[(show)-8.2(ed)-223.9(FL)-221.1(at)-220.6(Mch)-226.6(threshold)-231.1(concent)-8.9(rations)-229.5(ranging)-226(4\26164)]TJ
T*
(mg)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
1.2747 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2731 -0.1992 TD
(mL)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 338.457 448.327 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 346.79 443.905 Tm
[(\(table)-228(2\),)-225.4(as)-219.4(depicte)-11.3(d)-217(i)0(n)-220.2(figur)-9.4(e)-223.1(2)0(.)-217.4(The)-223.1(FL)-221.1(enco)-9.6(m-)]TJ
-3.7615 -1.0755 TD
[(passed)-531.3(62\21318%)-523.6(of)-521(contr)-8.2(ol)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
11.7339 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 432.227 433.19 Tm
(T)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 442.205 433.19 Tm
[(\(range)-526.4(3)-6.5(5\26184%\).)-526.7(Only)]TJ
-13.3386 -1.0755 TD
[(subje)-7.8(ct)-476.6(2)-478.8(did)-477(not)-482.7(exhibit)-479.5(FL)-477.2(up)-479.5(to)-476.2(the)-483.1(maximal)-483.8(Mch)]TJ
T*
[(con)-8.4(centratio)-11.1(n)-222.7(used)-232.3(in)-231.5(the)-227(presen)-8.2(t)-225.1(study)-235(\(128)-226.6(mg)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
18.9097 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2731 -0.1992 TD
(mL)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 514.148 416.183 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 520.327 411.76 Tm
[(\).)-224.7(In)]TJ
-21.1802 -1.0755 TD
[(all)-331.8(subjects,)-333.1(at)-323(the)-329.4(Mch)-323.3(thres)-9.4(hold)-324.1(concent)-8.9(ration,)-330.4(FL)-329.2(was)]TJ
/F20 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 525.882 618.131 Tm
0 0 0 1 k
/GS3 gs
(-0.5)Tj
0 10 -10 0 318.816 685.631 Tm
(Flow  L\341s)Tj
0 8 -8 0 316.549 718.441 Tm
(-1)Tj
ET
0 0 0 1 K
0 J 0 j 0.5 w 3.864 M []0 d
/GS4 gs
1 i 
333.816 631.631 m
333.816 773.13 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 323.316 770.13 Tm
/GS3 gs
(2)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
330.316 773.13 m
333.816 773.13 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 323.316 734.631 Tm
/GS3 gs
(1)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
330.316 737.63 m
333.816 737.63 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 323.466 699.162 Tm
/GS3 gs
(0)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
330.466 702.162 m
333.966 702.162 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 320.316 664.064 Tm
/GS3 gs
(-1)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
330.466 667.162 m
333.966 667.162 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 320.316 628.915 Tm
/GS3 gs
(-2)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
330.466 632.013 m
333.966 632.013 l
336.316 631.631 m
533.815 631.631 l
401.816 628.631 m
401.816 631.631 l
467.316 628.631 m
467.316 631.631 l
533.815 628.631 m
533.815 631.631 l
336.533 628.631 m
336.533 631.631 l
S
BT
10 0 0 10 462.285 618.131 Tm
/GS3 gs
(0.0)Tj
-6.5583 0 TD
(0.5)Tj
-6.55 0 TD
(1.0)Tj
8.6614 -0.9 TD
[(V)45(olume  L)]TJ
ET
/GS4 gs
404.316 742.579 m
404.316 765.631 l
S
404.316 742.871 m
406.066 742.871 l
404.316 738.496 l
402.566 742.871 l
404.316 742.871 l
f*
485.315 736.079 m
485.315 759.13 l
S
485.315 736.371 m
487.065 736.371 l
485.315 731.996 l
483.566 736.371 l
485.315 736.371 l
f*
BT
8 0 0 8 410.816 691.731 Tm
/GS3 gs
(CONTROL)Tj
ET
/GS4 gs
425.816 699.631 m
441.816 710.631 l
403.589 714.857 m
404.272 721.901 l
404.409 726.137 l
404.409 727.714 l
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411.179 728.398 l
412.819 727.577 l
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414.596 728.124 l
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424.173 726.957 l
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425.129 728.807 l
425.539 727.441 l
426.769 727.167 l
427.862 727.851 427.726 727.851 v
427.589 727.851 429.092 727.577 429.092 727.714 c
429.092 727.851 430.732 727.851 y
431.489 727.441 l
432.036 726.547 l
432.993 727.167 l
434.359 726.684 l
435.589 726.684 l
436.956 725.864 l
437.912 726.001 l
438.732 725.864 l
439.416 724.087 439.279 724.224 v
439.142 724.361 439.763 725.864 y
440.992 726.137 l
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442.086 727.577 l
442.906 727.167 l
442.769 725.864 l
443.042 724.907 l
443.726 725.727 l
444.682 726.274 l
445.366 725.864 l
445.912 724.771 l
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447.626 724.771 l
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448.856 724.771 l
449.266 726.137 l
450.222 725.317 l
450.359 723.814 l
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450.906 724.771 451.042 724.771 v
451.179 724.771 451.862 724.224 y
453.092 723.677 l
454.596 723.131 l
455.899 723.131 l
456.992 722.174 l
458.222 721.764 l
459.726 721.354 l
461.502 720.534 l
462.732 719.441 l
463.626 719.094 l
464.446 719.578 l
464.582 718.821 464.719 718.821 v
464.856 718.821 465.539 719.304 y
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469.912 716.497 l
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472.172 715.677 l
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476.135 713.491 l
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477.502 713.217 l
478.595 713.081 l
479.489 712.534 l
480.172 711.578 l
480.172 710.547 l
481.266 710.411 l
481.402 709.317 l
479.005 700.498 m
478.869 698.174 l
478.049 694.684 l
477.092 692.634 l
473.949 687.988 l
470.049 683.268 l
467.726 682.038 l
464.172 682.311 l
461.776 681.081 l
456.992 680.124 l
454.049 679.578 l
451.999 680.124 l
448.172 682.311 l
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444.409 683.268 l
441.266 683.678 l
439.763 682.994 l
437.639 682.584 l
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433.129 683.131 l
428.682 683.541 l
424.719 683.404 l
422.596 684.498 l
421.229 685.181 l
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418.359 684.361 l
416.173 684.498 l
413.229 684.224 l
410.086 684.224 l
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399.763 687.168 399.763 687.441 v
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396.136 690.448 l
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393.129 692.361 l
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390.186 700.498 l
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391.143 703.094 l
392.719 703.987 l
393.403 705.217 l
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395.179 708.087 l
396.546 709.454 l
398.049 710.821 l
400.173 711.304 l
402.223 712.124 l
403.589 712.944 l
403.589 715.677 l
S
406.596 713.764 m
408.719 714.174 l
414.186 714.037 l
416.856 713.081 417.129 713.217 v
417.403 713.354 419.589 713.764 419.862 714.037 c
420.136 714.311 423.216 714.857 423.626 714.857 c
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435.042 714.721 l
438.869 713.491 l
441.949 713.217 l
446.322 712.124 446.596 711.988 v
446.869 711.851 449.129 709.317 y
451.589 708.361 l
454.596 708.497 l
456.036 707.404 l
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460.409 706.037 l
461.502 706.174 l
462.185 706.721 l
464.036 707.267 l
464.719 705.901 l
465.129 704.261 l
465.266 703.168 l
466.086 704.944 l
467.726 706.037 467.862 706.037 v
467.999 706.037 468.956 706.037 y
469.502 704.534 469.502 704.261 v
469.502 703.987 469.365 699.814 y
468.546 693.044 466.769 691.541 v
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461.639 687.515 461.502 687.305 v
461.366 687.094 459.999 684.908 y
458.496 684.498 l
457.539 684.498 l
456.719 683.814 l
455.489 683.678 l
454.049 684.224 l
453.092 684.771 l
451.862 684.224 l
450.496 683.541 l
446.596 682.858 l
443.589 682.311 l
440.992 682.448 l
439.352 683.404 l
437.092 684.224 l
433.812 684.771 433.402 684.771 v
432.993 684.771 431.626 684.361 y
429.092 683.268 428.819 683.268 v
428.546 683.268 426.496 682.994 y
424.719 682.994 l
423.626 682.858 l
421.502 682.174 l
418.843 680.671 416.446 680.261 v
414.049 679.851 413.092 679.988 412.409 680.261 c
411.726 680.534 409.539 680.398 408.719 681.218 c
407.899 682.038 407.006 682.858 406.049 682.994 c
405.093 683.131 404.546 683.541 403.863 683.268 c
403.179 682.994 402.633 682.858 401.949 682.994 c
401.266 683.131 400.719 683.678 400.036 683.951 c
399.353 684.224 398.459 684.361 397.776 684.634 c
397.093 684.908 394.633 685.591 y
393.539 686.821 l
392.173 688.944 l
391.006 690.994 l
390.596 693.591 l
390.323 695.714 l
390.049 697.627 l
389.913 699.131 l
389.776 701.044 l
390.049 702.001 l
391.279 703.094 l
392.309 703.851 l
392.993 705.217 l
394.223 706.858 l
395.316 708.361 l
396.819 709.591 l
397.503 710.547 l
397.366 711.304 397.503 711.578 v
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399.763 713.627 l
401.129 713.901 l
402.359 714.447 l
403.999 714.311 l
404.819 713.901 l
405.639 713.491 405.776 713.491 v
405.912 713.491 406.732 713.901 y
S
BT
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 309.316 594.595 Tm
0 g
/GS2 gs
[(Fig.)-334.3(1.)-324.1(\261)-332.2(Flow-volume)-408.2(loops)-412.8(of)-415.7(subject)-408.9(3)-417.6(during)-409.6(resting)-410.1(breathing)-410.8(in)]TJ
0 -1.067 TD
[(supine)-231.8(position)-233.4(after)-239.2(inhalatio)11.4(n)-239.8(o)0(f)-237.8(the)-229.8(phosphate)-231.6(buff)15.2(ered)-238.7(saline)-233.2(solution)]TJ
0 -1.0599 TD
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(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 237.43 198.539 Tm
[(was)-303.7(slightl)-10.4(y)]TJ
-17.9821 -1.0755 TD
[(\(3\2133%\))-344.7(though)-337(signifi)-9.6(cantly)-340.2(decreas)-9.7(ed)-332(\(p)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
16.7985 0 TD
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.552 0 TD
(0.02\).)Tj
-16.3489 -1.0471 TD
[(In)-447(th)18.9(e)-456.4(s)0(e)19.6(v)0(e)15.1(n)-450.3(su)14.4(bj)18.9(ec)20.4(ts)-449(wh)17.3(o)-450.3(e)0(x)15.1(h)0(i)18.9(b)0(i)18.9(t)0(e)12.8(d)-450.3(FL)-448.7(du)21.2(ri)17.3(ng)-445.4(Mc)13.2(h)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0755 TD
[(ch)15.1(al)18.5(le)18.4(ng)15.5(e)-257.2(t)0(h)18.9(e)0(r)19.2(e)-262.9(wa)16.9(s)-258(a)-257.2(si)17.7(gn)15.5(if)17.3(ic)18.4(an)15.1(t)-259.2(d)0(e)20.8(c)0(r)19.2(e)0(a)14.7(s)0(e)-247.8(i)0(n)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
17.5895 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 239.414 166.677 Tm
(T)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 246.841 166.677 Tm
(\(p)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
0.8024 0 TD
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.5406 0 TD
[(0.)15.9(02)15.5(5\))]TJ
-20.2697 -1.0755 TD
[(an)15.1(d)-217(a)-211.7(si)17.7(gn)15.5(if)17.3(ic)18.4(an)15.1(t)-213.7(i)0(n)13.2(c)0(r)19.2(e)0(a)14.7(s)0(e)-208(i)0(n)-203.1(b)0(r)14(e)0(a)20.4(t)0(h)13.2(i)0(n)18.8(g)-217(fr)18(eq)15.1(ue)20.8(nc)15.1(y)-217(\()0(p)]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
19.7291 0 TD
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.5406 0 TD
[(0.)15.9(00)15.5(5\))]TJ
-20.2697 -1.0755 TD
[(wh)17.3(il)16.5(e)-291.4(t)0(h)18.9(e)-285.7(ot)13.2(he)20.8(r)-292.6(v)0(e)20.8(n)0(t)18.9(i)0(l)16.5(a)0(t)12.8(o)0(r)19.6(y)-291(va)20.8(ri)17.3(ab)15.1(le)18.4(s)-286.5(d)0(i)13.2(d)-285.3(no)15.5(t)-287.7(c)0(h)15.1(a)0(n)20.8(g)0(e)-280.8(\()0(t)17.3(a)0(b)15.1(l)0(e)]TJ
T*
[(3\).)-430.3(At)-440.3(the)-443.2(Mch)-442.8(concent)-8.9(rations)-445.8(immedia)-11.5(tely)-440.7(preceedi)-11.7(ng)]TJ
T*
[(the)-409.1(Mch)-414.4(thresh)-10.1(old)-408.7(for)-409.5(FL,)-415(none)-407.5(of)-412.8(the)-409.1(venti)-9(latory)-415.4(var-)]TJ
T*
[(iables)-341.4(differed)-332.7(signifi)-9.6(cantly)-340.2(relative)-340.4(to)-339.7(PBS.)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
34.3652 49.4224 TD
[(Discu)-10.9(ssion)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
-8.1659 -2.0998 TD
[(Th)17.1(e)-410.9(m)0(a)17.7(i)0(n)-396.6(f)0(i)17.3(n)0(d)15.5(i)0(n)18.9(g)0(s)-401.1(o)0(f)-395.8(t)0(h)18.8(e)-410.9(pr)19.6(es)14(en)20.8(t)-407.2(s)0(t)17.7(u)0(d)15.5(y)-404.8(ar)13.5(e)-405.2(t)0(h)18.9(a)0(t)-402.6(a)0(\))-396.2(i)0(n)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0527 TD
[(su)14.4(pi)18.9(ne)-229.6(po)15.5(si)17.7(ti)16.5(on)-229.2(mo)18.1(st)-232.7(of)-230.8(ou)21.2(r)-241.4(t)0(h)18.8(e)-240.2(he)15.1(al)18.5(th)18.9(y)-239.8(s)0(u)14.4(b)0(j)18.8(e)0(c)20.4(t)0(s)-232.7(d)0(e)15.1(v)0(e)20.8(l)0(o)18.9(p)0(e)15.1(d)]TJ
T*
[(ti)16.5(da)15.1(l)-247.8(e)0(x)15.1(p)0(i)18.9(r)0(a)19.2(t)0(o)13.2(r)0(y)-236.4(F)0(L)-243.9(a)0(t)-237.6(M)0(c)13.2(h)-245.5(le)12.8(ve)20.8(ls)-244.1(at)-237.6(wh)17.3(ic)12.8(h)-245.5(t)0(h)18.9(e)-251.6(re)19.2(du)15.5(ct)18.5(io)18.8(n)-251.2(i)0(n)]TJ
T*
[(FE)17.9(V)]TJ
7.97 0 0 7.97 327.742 553.096 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 331.653 553.096 Tm
[(,)-461.3(r)0(e)19.2(l)0(a)18.5(t)0(i)16.5(v)0(e)-451.5(t)0(o)-453.5(P)11.4(BS)17.3(,)-461.3(w)0(a)16.9(s)-457.2(sm)16.9(al)12.8(l)-458.4(\()]TJ
/F9 1 Tf
12.5818 0 TD
(<)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.5463 0 TD
[(10)21.2(%\))17.3(;)-464.1(b)0(\))-447(t)0(i)16.5(d)0(a)15.1(l)-458.4(FL)]TJ
-15.3702 -1.0527 TD
[(co)15.1(ul)18.9(d)-234.1(b)0(e)-223.9(r)0(e)19.2(v)0(e)15.1(r)0(s)18.4(e)0(d)-223.9(b)0(y)-223.5(a)-234.5(de)20.8(ep)-223.9(in)13.2(sp)20(ir)17.3(at)18.5(io)18.9(n;)-225.8(an)15.1(d)-228.4(c)0(\))-225.5(o)0(n)15.5(s)0(e)19.6(t)-230.8(of)-225.1(FL)]TJ
T*
-0.0172 Tc
[(w)-17.2(a)-0.3(s)-343.5(a)-17.2(ss)-17.2(oc)-17.2(ia)-17.2(te)-17.2(d)-332.1(w)-17.2(it)-17.2(h)-334.1(l)-17.2(it)-17.2(tle)-342.7(o)-17.2(r)-333.3(n)-17.2(o)-331.7(d)-17.2(ys)-17.2(pn)-17.2(oe)-17.2(a.)]TJ
1.0015 -1.0527 TD
0 Tc
[(Ad)11.6(mi)21.4(ni)13.2(st)17.7(ra)19.2(ti)16.5(on)-269(of)-264.9(Mc)13.2(h)-273.9(t)0(o)-265.7(h)0(e)15.1(a)0(l)18.5(t)0(h)18.9(y)-279.6(su)20(bj)18.9(ec)14.7(ts)-266.9(re)19.2(su)14.4(lt)22.2(s)-280.8(i)0(n)-265.7(i)0(n)18.8(-)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0528 TD
[(cr)13.5(ea)20.4(se)13.9(d)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
3.2721 0 TD
(R)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 347.868 511.143 Tm
(aw)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 356.258 511.143 Tm
[(,)-364.6(a)0(n)15.1(d)-365(re)13.5(du)21.2(ct)12.8(i)13.9(o)0(n)-360(o)0(f)-361.6(F)11.4(EV)]TJ
7.97 0 0 7.97 450.595 511.143 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 458.192 511.143 Tm
[(an)15.1(d)-365(m)0(a)12(x)0(i)18.9(m)0(a)17.7(l)-367.3(ex)15.1(pi)18.9(r)20.4(-)]TJ
-14.9434 -1.0527 TD
[(at)12.8(or)19.6(y)-239.8(f)0(l)17.3(o)0(w)17.3(s)-241([1)19.6(9,)-240.1(20].)-254.7(The)-251.5(responsiven)-9.9(ess)-249.8(to)-254.3(Mch)-249.3(has)-254.3(been)]TJ
T*
[(found)-289.9(to)-288.4(be)-286.5(enhanced)-292.2(in)-288.4(the)-289.6(supin)-7.4(e)-285.7(position)-293.3([2].)-284.7(Since)-290.7(in)]TJ
T*
[(supin)-7.4(e)-302.8(position)-304.7(there)-304.5(is)-306.7(a)-297.1(reduct)-9.4(ion)-300.6(in)-299.8(FRC)-306.8(and)-304.3(hence)-300.9(in)]TJ
T*
[(exp)-8.4(iratory)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
4.3134 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F12 1 Tf
0.7739 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.4097 0 TD
[(reserve)-249.9(over)-244.1(the)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
6.5498 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 435.345 469.19 Tm
(T)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 442.261 469.19 Tm
[(range)-245.2([21],)-245.6(this)-248(position)]TJ
-13.3443 -1.0528 TD
[(shoul)-7.4(d)-313.7(b)0(e)-309.2(suscep)-7.8(tible)-318.7(to)-311.2(develo)-7.8(pment)-317(of)-310.4(FL)-312.2(durin)-7.8(g)-308.1(Mch)]TJ
T*
[(cha)-8.8(llenge.)-312.1(Indeed,)-314.7(the)-306.7(curren)-8.6(t)-304.7(study)-314.7(found)-312.7(that)-309.8(in)-305.5(supin)-7.4(e)]TJ
T*
[(posit)-9.8(ion)-277.8(seven)-279(subje)-7.8(cts)-279.4(develo)-7.8(ped)-275.8(FL,)-278.4(at)-277.5(Mch)-277.8(co)-7.6(ncentra-)]TJ
T*
[(tion)-7.8(s)-303.6(ranging)-305.6(4)-6.5(\26164)-303.9(mg)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
9.1504 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2731 -0.1992 TD
(mL)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 416.92 431.66 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 423.099 427.238 Tm
[(.)-302(Only)-305.3(one)-304.3(subje)-7.8(ct)-305.9(remained)]TJ
-11.4209 -1.0527 TD
[(NFL)-413.6(at)-402.7(the)-409.1(highes)-8.6(t)-401.5(concent)-8.9(ration)-409.7(allo)-8.2(wed)-405(in)-407.9(this)-407.3(study)]TJ
T*
[(\(128)-346.1(mg)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
3.4428 0.1992 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2675 -0.1992 TD
(mL)Tj
7.472 0 0 6.641 360 410.683 Tm
(-1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 366.179 406.261 Tm
[(\).)-338.5(At)-343.6(FL)-340.6(threshold,)-350.9(the)-340.8(reduction)-349.8(of)-338.9(FEV)]TJ
7.97 0 0 7.97 532.516 406.261 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 309.316 395.773 Tm
[(was)-7.8(,)-296.3(o)0(n)-303.1(average,)-304.8(o)-6.5(nly)-300.6(5%)-299.8(relative)-312(to)-299.8(PBS.)-301.7(This)-306.7(suppor)-7.4(ts)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(the)-466(noti)-7.8(on)-462.5(that)-463.5(there)-469.5(is)-460.3(a)-462.1(diss)-7.8(ociation)-469.3(between)-473.8(the)-460.3(re-)]TJ
T*
[(sponse)-360.2(to)-356.7(Mch)-351.8(meas)-8.2(ured)-357.9(in)-351(term)-10.6(s)-349.1(o)-6.5(f)-349.5(changes)-360.6(of)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
20.099 0 TD
(R)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 515.565 374.797 Tm
(aw)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 528.264 374.797 Tm
(or)Tj
-21.9769 -1.0527 TD
(FEV)Tj
7.97 0 0 7.97 328.082 364.309 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 335.395 364.309 Tm
[([22].)-342.4(This)-340.8(discrepanc)-14.4(y)-336.5(i)0(s)-335.2(probabl)-9.7(y)-336.5(due)-344.1(to)-339.7(the)-335.1(fact)]TJ
-2.6177 -1.0527 TD
[(that)-372.4(in)-362.4(healthy)-369.4(subje)-7.8(cts)-364.8(with)-370.3(pharmacolo)-10.3(gical)-9.4(ly-induced)]TJ
T*
[(broncho)-7.3(co)-7.6(nstriction)-230.9(a)-223.1(deep)-220.1(inspi)-9.8(ration)-227.6(transient)-11.9(ly)-220.1(reduces)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
T*
(R)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 315.383 332.844 Tm
(aw)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 323.943 332.844 Tm
[(,)-324.7(and)-332.7(consequ)-7.3(ently)-327.7(the)-335.1(FEV)]TJ
7.97 0 0 7.97 436.875 332.844 Tm
(1)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 444.075 332.844 Tm
[(retur)-9.8(ns)-327.1(toward)-331.6(the)-329.4(pre-)]TJ
-13.5264 -1.0584 TD
[(cha)-8.8(llenge)-431.2(values)-435.7([19,)-431.1(22].)-431.1(The)-427.9(broncho)-7.3(dila)-8.2(tion)-428.9(foll)-9.4(ow-)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(ing)-374.6(a)-365.4(deep)-373.7(inhalati)-10.7(on)-365.7(is)-369.3(due)-372.6(to)-368.1(a)-365.4(reduct)-9.4(ion)-368.9(in)-373.8(bronchial)]TJ
T*
[(smoo)-7.4(th)-220.2(musc)-7.8(le)-220.6(tone)-222.1([23],)-222.9(which)-221.1(last)-9.4(s)-218.2(for)-221.7(45\26160)-220.1(s,)-218.6(as)-219.4(mea-)]TJ
T*
[(sured)-325.7(by)-314.5(speci)-8.2(fic)-319.6(airway)-320.6(conduct)-8.5(ance)-322.9([20,)-317.2(24,)-314.9(25].)-322.9(Con-)]TJ
T*
[(siste)-11.4(nt)-220.2(wi)-7.8(th)-220.2(these)-230.1(studie)-10.9(s,)-224.3(this)-225.2(study)-229.3(found)-227.3(that)-224.5(30)-229.2(s)-218.2(a)-6.9(fter)-225.3(a)]TJ
T*
[(maxi)-9(mal)-326.9(inspi)-9.8(ration)-330(all)-326.1(seven)-330.2(subje)-7.8(cts)-324.9(who)-330.6(wer)-8.2(e)-325.5(F)0(L)-323.5(be-)]TJ
T*
[(fore)-342.4(it,)-336.7(became)-339.4(NFL.)]TJ
1.0015 -1.0471 TD
[(It)-307.1(ha)20.8(s)-309.2(b)0(e)15.1(e)0(n)-303.5(s)0(u)20(g)0(g)15.5(e)0(s)19.6(t)0(e)18.4(d)-308.1(th)13.2(at)-300.2(th)18.9(e)-314.2(d)0(y)21.2(n)0(a)15.1(m)0(i)15.7(c)-308.5(co)15.1(m)13.2(p)0(r)13.9(e)0(s)19.6(s)0(i)17.7(o)0(n)-303.1(o)0(f)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0528 TD
[(ai)12.8(rw)15.7(ay)20.8(s)-252.3(d)0(o)15.5(w)0(n)17.3(s)0(t)17.7(r)0(e)19.2(a)0(m)-244.1(f)0(r)12.4(o)0(m)-243.7(t)0(h)18.9(e)-251.6(fl)17.3(ow)11.6(-l)17.3(i)13.9(m)0(i)15.7(t)0(i)16.5(n)0(g)-246.2(s)0(e)19.6(g)0(m)18.1(e)0(n)15.1(t)0(,)-242.5(w)0(h)17.3(i)0(-)]TJ
T*
[(ch)-400.3(un)15.5(de)15.1(rl)17.3(ie)18.4(s)-406(F)0(L)17.9(,)-410.1(ma)17.7(y)-410.5(e)0(l)18.4(i)0(c)12.8(i)0(t)-398.9(a)-410.9(re)19.2(fl)17.3(ex)-400.3(me)17.7(ch)15.1(an)15.1(i)13.9(s)0(m)-404.2(t)0(h)18.9(a)0(t)-402.6(i)0(n)18.8(-)]TJ
T*
[(fl)17.3(ue)15.1(nc)15.1(es)-429.9(th)18.8(e)-445(b)0(r)19.6(e)0(a)14.7(t)0(h)18.9(i)0(n)18.9(g)-444.6(pa)15.1(t)13.9(t)0(e)12.8(r)0(n)-429.9(b)0(y)-434(t)0(e)18.4(r)0(m)16.5(i)0(n)13.2(a)0(t)18.4(i)0(n)18.8(g)-444.6(ex)20.8(pi)18.9(ra)13.5(ti)16.5(on)]TJ
0 -1.0584 TD
[(pr)13.9(em)17.7(at)18.5(ur)13.9(el)18.5(y)73.2(,)-472.7(th)18.9(us)-463.7(in)18.9(cr)19.2(ea)14.7(si)17.7(ng)-462.5(th)18.9(e)-473.5(F)11.4(RC)-466.2([1)19.6(].)-480.7(In)-486.8(this)-481.3(way)56(,)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(onset)-354.9(of)-344.6(tida)-8.2(l)-344.6(F)0(L)-346.3(durin)-7.8(g)-347.9(Mch)-346.1(chall)-9.4(enge)-345.3(shoul)-7.4(d)-347.9(b)0(e)-343.4(asso-)]TJ
T*
[(ciat)-8.6(ed)-297.8(with)-302(an)-297.8(increase)-303.1(in)-299.8(EEL)82.1(V)-300.6(suf)12(fici)-9.8(ent)-295.3(to)-299.8(confi)-8.2(ne)-297.8(FL)]TJ
T*
[(to)-282.8(near)-284.3(end-exp)-7.7(iration.)-288(In)-282(the)-283.9(current)-284.9(supin)-7.4(e)-280(healthy)-284.1(sub-)]TJ
T*
[(ject)-8.6(s,)-486(however)22.5(,)-478.4(a)-6.9(t)-481.2(the)-488.8(onset)-485.8(of)-486.8(tidal)-489.4(FL)-482.9(there)-492.3(was)-485.8(no)]TJ
T*
[(signi)-9.8(ficant)-347.5(change)-347.2(in)-345.3(expira)-9.4(tory)-342.8(time)-347.1(\(table)-347.5(3)-6.5(\))-338.1(whi)-8.6(le)-340.1(the)]TJ
T*
[(incre)-8.6(ase)-294.5(in)-294.1(FRC,)-295.8(meas)-8.2(ured)-295.3(in)-288.4(term)-10.6(s)-292.2(o)0(f)]TJ
/F8 1 Tf
15.7742 0 TD
(D)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.6658 0 TD
[(IC,)-292.7(was)-298(in)-294.1(most)]TJ
-16.44 -1.0527 TD
[(inst)-9(ances)-290.7(very)-289.6(smal)-10.2(l)-287.7(\(table)-290.6(2\).)-293.7(Furthermor)-11.9(e,)-286.1(tida)-8.2(l)-287.7(F)0(L)-289.4(was)]TJ
T*
[(not)-653.4(confi)-8.2(ned)-651.4(to)-652.6(near)-654.2(expir)-8.2(ation)-652(but)-653.4(encom)-7.8(passed)-656.5(a)]TJ
T*
[(relat)-11(ively)-589.4(lar)10.4(ge)-588.1(portion)-592.1(of)-583.6(the)-591.2(control)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
16.9066 0 TD
(V)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 483.76 112.535 Tm
(T)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 494.362 112.535 Tm
[(\(35\26184%)-9.3(\).)]TJ
ET
1 i 
58.28 739.899 227.168 -0.51 re
f
58.28 704.523 227.168 -0.51 re
f
58.28 593.461 227.168 -0.51 re
f
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.966 0 0 8.966 58.28 772.667 Tm
[(Table)-331.9(2.)-336.7(\261)-1035.1(Threshold)-702.7(concentrations)-699.2(of)-703.4(methacholine)]TJ
0 -1.0559 TD
[(\(Mch\))-585.1(eliciting)-585.8(tidal)-588(expiratory)-584(flow)-583.1(limitation)-591.4(\(FL\))-583.3(and)]TJ
T*
[(corresponding)-421(changes)-419.3(in)-418.7(lung)-421.2(function)-425.7(and)-417.9(Borg)-419.8(dysp-)]TJ
T*
[(noea)-333.7(score)-332.3(in)-336.5(eight)-329.8(supine)-336.5(subjects)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
0 -1.7072 TD
(Subject)Tj
0 -1.0559 TD
(No.)Tj
4.053 1.0559 TD
[(Mch)-334.1(threshold)]TJ
1.606 -1.0559 TD
[(for)-329.2(FL)]TJ
-0.4552 -1.0559 TD
(mg)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
1.2709 0.2213 TD
(.)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.2719 -0.2213 TD
(mL)Tj
6.725 0 0 5.977 131.131 713.99 Tm
(-1)Tj
/F8 1 Tf
8.966 0 0 8.966 150.69 728.957 Tm
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[([7].)-227.8(However)24.2(,)-222.3(i)0(t)-222.5(i)0(s)-227(possible)-229.9(that)-224.5(under)-227.7(condition)-8.7(s)-223.9(i)0(n)-220.2(whi)-8.6(ch)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
0 -1.0527 TD
(P)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 64.29 426.387 Tm
(crit)Tj
9.963 0 0 9.963 78.633 426.387 Tm
[(is)-397.7(more)-400.8(mark)-8.2(edly)-398.5(excee)-11.1(ded,)-395.7(the)-403.4(increased)-406.3(afferent)]TJ
-2.0429 -1.0471 TD
[(activity)-227(from)-219.9(the)-215.6(more)-218.7(extens)-9(ively)-219.5(collapsed)-224.6(and)-218.9(distort)-9.6(ed)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(intrathor)-11.9(acic)-484.7(airways)-493.2(may)-483.8(actual)-10.6(ly)-481.9(contr)-8.2(ibute)-487(to)-481.9(dysp-)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(noea.)-436.7(It)-438(should)-434.9(b)-6.5(e)-433.7(stressed)-441.2(that)-435(in)-436.4(most)-436.6(of)-435.6(the)-437.6(curren)-8.6(t)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(subje)-7.8(cts)-353.4(the)-357.9(degree)-354.5(of)-355.9(dynam)-7.4(ic)-351.4(hy)-7.2(perinflation)-364.1(at)-351.4(the)-357.9(FL)]TJ
T*
[(thresh)-10.1(old)-232.3(for)-238.8(Mch)-238(was)-235.4(relativel)-13.5(y)-234.1(small,)-235.6(an)-7.6(d)-228.4(hen)-8.4(ce)-230(lit)-9.4(tle)-235.1(or)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(no)-485.2(dyspnoe)-6.9(a)-479.2(woul)-9.4(d)-478.8(b)0(e)-485.6(expecte)-9.3(d)-478.8(because)-491.8(of)-481.1(incre)-8.6(ased)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(inspirat)-10.7(ory)-242.9(effort)-239.8(due)-241.7(to)-242.9(intr)-9.4(insic)-243.5(PEEP)-248.7([27,)-243.3(28].)-243.3(It)-244.5(shoul)-7.4(d)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(be)-320.6(stressed)-321.7(that)-321.2(in)-316.9(this)-322(study)-320.4(the)-323.7(Mch)-317.6(chall)-9.4(enge)-316.8(was)-320.8(ter-)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(minated)-349.8(at)-340.1(the)-346.5(onset)-343.5(of)-338.9(FL.)-346.7(If)-329.1(furth)-9.4(er)-339.3(doses)-342.3(of)-344.6(Mch)-346.1(had)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(been)-265.6(admi)-9(nistered,)-270.9(the)-266.8(severity)-270.5(of)-264.9(both)-267.2(dynamic)-267.7(hyperi)-9(n-)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(flation)-429.9(and)-423.8(dyspnoe)-6.9(a)-422.3(should)-423.6(becom)-7.8(e)-422.3(more)-423.6(p)-6.5(ronounc)-7.3(ed)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[([5].)-233.5(In)-230.7(this)-236.6(connect)-8.9(ion)-232.3(it)-228.2(is)-232.7(notewo)-11.3(rthy)-229(that)-235.8(subje)-7.8(ct)-231.9(3,)-228.8(who)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(exhibi)-9.7(ted)-318.1(the)-318.1(largest)-315.3(reduct)-9.4(ion)-317.7(in)-316.9(IC)-320.8(\(575)-317.6(mL\))-324.1(at)-317.3(the)-318.1(FL)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(thresh)-10.1(old,)-323.7(exhibi)-9.7(ted)-329.4(the)-323.7(highes)-8.6(t)-327.5(degree)-331.7(of)-327.5(dyspnoe)-6.9(a)-325.5(\(4.5)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(Borg)-328(score\))-9.8(.)]TJ
1.0015 -1.0527 TD
[(Th)17.1(e)-405.2(p)0(r)19.6(e)0(s)13.9(e)0(n)20.8(t)-407.2(st)17.7(ud)21.2(y)-404.8(h)0(a)20.8(s)-406(sh)20(ow)11.6(n)-399.1(t)0(h)18.9(a)0(t)12.8(,)-398.7(wi)14.9(th)-396.6(me)17.7(th)18.9(ac)14.7(ho)21.2(li)16.5(ne)]TJ
-1.0015 -1.0471 TD
[(ch)15.1(al)18.5(le)18.4(ng)15.5(e)-354(i)0(n)-351(s)0(u)20(p)0(i)13.2(n)0(e)-349.1(p)0(o)21.2(s)0(i)17.7(t)0(i)16.5(o)0(n)15.5(,)-353.2(al)12.8(l)-356(b)0(u)15.5(t)-356(on)21.2(e)-359.7(o)0(f)-350.2(t)0(h)18.9(e)-359.7(ei)18.4(gh)15.5(t)-356(h)0(e)15.1(-)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(al)18.4(th)18.9(y)-444.6(s)0(u)20(b)0(j)13.2(e)0(c)20.4(t)0(s)-431.9(e)0(x)15.1(h)0(i)18.9(b)0(i)18.9(t)0(e)12.8(d)-438.9(ti)16.5(da)15.1(l)-441.3(e)0(x)20.8(p)0(i)13.2(r)0(a)19.2(t)0(o)18.9(r)0(y)-435.6(f)0(l)17.3(o)0(w)-432.3(l)0(i)16.5(m)0(i)15.7(t)0(a)18.4(t)0(i)16.5(o)0(n)15.5(,)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(wh)17.3(ic)18.4(h)-393.4(o)0(c)20.8(c)0(u)15.1(r)0(r)18(e)0(d)-383.2(i)0(n)-385.2(t)13.9(he)-383.2(ab)15.1(se)19.6(nc)15.1(e)-388.1(o)0(f)-384.4(s)0(u)20(b)0(s)14.4(t)0(a)18.4(n)0(t)18.9(i)0(a)18.4(l)-395.8(ch)20.8(an)15.1(ge)20.8(s)-394.6(i)0(n)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(fo)19.6(rc)13.5(ed)-354.7(ex)20.8(pi)13.2(ra)19.2(to)18.8(ry)-355.9(vo)15.5(l)13.9(u)0(m)12.4(e)-359.7(in)-356.7(on)15.5(e)-359.7(s)0(e)13.9(c)0(o)20.8(n)0(d)-354.3(a)0(n)15.1(d)-365(fo)19.6(rc)13.5(ed)-354.7(vi)18.9(ta)18.4(l)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(ca)14.7(pa)20.8(ci)18.4(ty)75.8(,)-302(r)0(e)19.2(f)0(l)17.3(e)0(c)14.7(t)0(i)16.5(n)0(g)-291.7(t)0(h)13.2(e)-302.8(br)19.6(on)15.5(ch)15.1(od)21.2(il)16.5(at)18.4(io)18.9(n)-308.1(w)0(h)17.3(i)0(c)18.4(h)-308.1(oc)20.8(cu)15.1(rs)-294.5(du)15.5(r)20.4(-)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(in)18.9(g)-302.4(t)0(h)18.9(e)-302.8(ma)17.7(xi)18.9(ma)17.7(l)-304.7(i)13.9(ns)14.4(pi)18.9(ra)19.2(ti)16.5(on)-291.7(pr)13.9(i)13.9(o)0(r)-293.3(t)0(o)-294.1(t)0(h)18.9(e)-297.1(fo)13.9(rc)19.2(ed)-292.2(vi)18.9(ta)18.4(l)-304.7(c)0(a)20.4(p)0(a)15.1(-)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(ci)18.4(ty)-208.8(ma)17.7(no)15.5(eu)20.8(vr)13.9(e.)-206.4(In)-208(fa)19.2(ct)12.8(,)-210.9(f)0(l)17.3(o)0(w)-210.3(l)0(i)16.5(m)0(i)15.7(t)0(a)18.4(t)0(i)16.5(o)0(n)-206.4(w)0(a)16.9(s)-218.2(in)-208.8(al)18.4(l)-213.7(i)0(n)13.2(s)0(t)17.7(a)0(n)20.8(c)0(e)14.7(s)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(tr)17.3(an)15.1(si)17.7(en)20.8(tl)16.5(y)-205.6(a)0(b)15.1(o)0(l)18.9(i)0(s)17.7(h)0(e)15.1(d)-205.6(by)-200.7(th)18.9(e)-206(m)0(a)12(x)0(i)18.9(m)0(a)17.7(l)-208(in)18.9(sp)14.3(ir)17.3(at)18.4(io)18.9(n.)-200.3(T)12.2(h)0(e)-201.1(o)0(n)15.5(s)0(e)19.6(t)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(of)-190.9(ti)16.5(da)15.1(l)-196.6(f)0(l)17.3(o)0(w)-193.2(l)0(i)16.5(m)0(i)15.7(t)0(a)18.4(t)0(i)16.5(o)0(n)-189.3(e)0(l)18.5(i)0(c)12.8(i)0(t)22.2(e)0(d)-195.4(l)0(i)16.5(t)0(t)22.2(l)0(e)-192.1(o)0(r)-196.6(n)0(o)-189.3(d)0(y)21.2(s)0(p)14.4(n)0(o)21.2(e)0(a)-195.8(i)0(n)-191.7(m)0(o)18.1(s)0(t)]TJ
0 -1.0527 TD
[(su)20(bj)13.2(ec)20.4(ts)17.7(,)-421.5(s)0(u)20(g)0(g)15.5(e)0(s)19.6(t)0(i)16.5(n)0(g)-411.3(t)0(h)18.9(a)0(t)-414(o)0(n)21.2(s)0(e)13.9(t)-418.6(of)-412.8(dy)21.2(na)15.1(mi)15.7(c)-416.6(a)0(i)18.4(r)0(w)15.7(a)0(y)-411.7(c)0(o)15.1(m)0(-)]TJ
T*
[(pr)19.6(es)13.9(si)17.7(on)-223.5(pe)15.1(r)-235.7(s)0(e)-225.1(d)0(o)15.5(e)0(s)-225.1(n)0(o)15.5(t)-236.5(el)18.5(ic)18.4(it)-228.2(si)17.7(gn)21.2(if)17.3(ic)12.8(an)20.8(t)-236.5(d)0(y)15.5(s)0(p)20(n)0(o)15.5(e)0(a)20.4(.)-233.7(Un)17.3(li)16.5(ke)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(pa)15.1(ti)22.2(en)15.1(ts)-414.8(wi)14.9(th)-413.6(as)19.6(th)18.9(ma)17.7(,)-427.2(t)0(h)18.9(e)-422.3(in)18.9(cr)19.2(ea)14.7(se)-412.8(in)-413.6(fu)13.9(nc)20.8(ti)16.5(on)15.5(al)-414(re)19.2(si)17.7(du)15.5(al)]TJ
0 -1.0528 TD
[(ca)14.7(pa)20.8(ci)18.4(ty)-214.5(in)-214.5(he)20.8(al)18.4(th)13.2(y)-217(s)0(u)14.4(b)0(j)18.9(e)0(c)14.7(t)13.9(s)-223.9(d)0(u)15.5(r)0(i)17.3(n)0(g)-212.1(m)0(e)17.7(t)0(h)18.9(a)0(c)14.7(h)0(o)21.2(l)0(i)16.5(n)0(e)-212.5(c)0(h)15.1(a)0(l)18.4(l)0(e)18.4(n)0(g)15.5(e)]TJ
0 -1.0471 TD
[(ap)15.1(pe)20.8(ar)13.5(s)-320.6(t)0(o)-316.9(b)0(e)-314.9(r)0(e)19.2(l)0(a)18.4(t)0(e)12.8(d)-319.4(to)-316.9(ti)16.5(da)15.1(l)-321.8(f)0(l)17.3(o)0(w)-318.4(l)0(i)16.5(m)0(i)21.4(t)0(a)12.8(t)0(i)16.5(o)0(n)21.2(.)]TJ
/F10 1 Tf
7.97 0 0 7.97 383.357 773.121 Tm
[(Acknowled)11.4(gements.)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
8.9839 0 TD
[(The)-870.3(authors)-862.9(thank)-865.8(A.)]TJ
-9.9797 -1.1239 TD
[(Penney)-523.7(and)-533.3(A.)-539.9(Bentivegn)11.5(a)-537.5(for)-534.7(typing)-532.8(this)-531.1(ma-)]TJ
T*
[(nuscript)11.7(.)]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
8.966 0 0 8.966 402.349 710.759 Tm
[(Refer)11.6(ences)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
-10.3759 -2.2763 TD
[(1.)-1766.5(Pellegrino)-285.7(R,)-285.3(V)54.1(iolante)-287.7(B,)-285.3(Nava)-285.3(S,)-285.5(Rampulla)-285(C,)-285.3(Brusasco)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(V)123.6(,)-616.2(Rodarte)-617.4(J.)-623.2(Expiratory)-618.2(flow)-618(limitation)-624.2(and)-617.9(hyper-)]TJ
0 -1.1065 TD
[(inflation)-460.9(during)-461.9(methacholine-induced)-462.4(bronchoconstric-)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
(tion.)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
2.1245 0 TD
[(J)-334.4(Appl)-332.6(Physiol)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
6.2786 0 TD
[(1993;)-334.9(75:)-329.7(1720\2611727.)]TJ
-10.9197 -1.1128 TD
[(2.)-1766.5(Shardonofsky)-652.9(FR,)-656.4(Martin)-660.7(JG,)-651.3(Eidelman)-656.9(DH.)-659.7(Effec)10.2(t)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1065 TD
[(of)-354(body)-345.7(posture)-354.8(on)-353.1(concentration-response)-360.2(curves)-352.7(to)-349.1(in-)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
[(haled)-290.2(methacholine.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
8.302 0 TD
[(Am)-284(Rev)-286(Respir)-289.5(Dis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
7.9036 0 TD
[(1992;)-284.4(145:)-291.2(750\261)]TJ
-16.2056 -1.1128 TD
(755.)Tj
-2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(3.)-1766.5(Eltayara)-314.3(L,)-315.7(Becklake)-318.2(MR,)-310.8(V)123.6(olta)-318.7(CA,)-313.4(Milic-Emili)-319(J.)-319.7(Rel-)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1065 TD
[(ationship)-256.4(between)-254.4(chronic)-258.6(dyspnoea)-249.6(and)-257.5(expiratory)-254.1(flow-)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
[(limitation)-289.1(in)-292.2(COPD)-286.1(patients.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
11.729 0 TD
[(Am)-290.3(J)-283.8(Respir)-289.5(Crit)-293.2(Car)33.6(e)-290.1(Med)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
-11.729 -1.1128 TD
[(1996;)-334.9(154:)-329.1(1726\2611734.)]TJ
-2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(4.)-1766.5(Koulouris)-271.2(NG,)-261.4(V)98.4(alta)-267.8(P)109.4(,)-268.5(Lavoie)-267.9(A,)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
16.2119 0 TD
[(et)-266.7(al)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
1.7451 0 TD
[(.)-268.5(A)-262.1(simple)-270.1(method)]TJ
-15.4406 -1.1065 TD
[(to)-412.4(detect)-418.3(expiratory)-418.5(flow)-415.6(limitation)-415.5(during)-417.6(spontaneous)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
(breathing.)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
4.3185 0 TD
[(Eur)-338.3(Respir)-333.8(J)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
5.5136 0 TD
[(1995;)-328.6(8:)-336.5(306\261313.)]TJ
-12.3486 -1.1128 TD
[(5.)-1766.5(Lougheed)-270.8(MD,)-271.4(Lam)-269.2(M,)-268.6(Forkert)-271(L,)-271.5(W)70.8(ebb)-270.1(KA,)-267.7(O)]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
21.9215 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.215 0 TD
(Donnell)Tj
-19.62 -1.1128 TD
[(DE.)-413.3(Breathlessness)-411.8(during)-411.3(acute)-416.5(bronchoconstriction)-413.3(in)]TJ
0 -1.1065 TD
[(asthma:)-478(pathophysiologic)-476.3(mechanisms.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
16.4838 0 TD
[(Am)-473.7(Rev)-482.1(Respir)]TJ
-16.4838 -1.1128 TD
(Dis)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
1.7072 0 TD
[(1993;)-334.9(148:)-329.1(1458\2611459.)]TJ
-4.2237 -1.1128 TD
[(6.)-1766.5(O)]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
3.2373 0 TD
(')Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.215 0 TD
[(Donnell)-333(DE,)-324.8(Sanii)-329.4(R,)-329.6(Anthonisen)-326.4(NR,)-326(Y)92(ounes)-327.2(M.)-325.6(Ef-)]TJ
-0.9358 -1.1065 TD
[(fect)-279.1(of)-278.2(dynamic)-278.4(airway)-281.3(compression)-279.8(on)-277.2(breathing)-278.9(pattern)]TJ
0 -1.1128 TD
[(and)-459.8(respiratory)-470.7(sensation)-463.7(in)-463(severe)-460(chronic)-467.2(obstructive)]TJ
T*
[(pulmonary)-329.2(disease.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
8.0554 0 TD
[(Am)-328.3(Rev)-330.3(Respir)-327.4(Dis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
8.068 0 TD
[(1987;)-328.6(135:)-329.1(912\261)]TJ
-16.1234 -1.1128 TD
(918.)Tj
-2.5165 -1.1065 TD
[(7.)-1766.5(Hyatt)-441.6(RE.)-446.4(The)-438(interrelationships)-451.3(of)-442.6(pressure,)-445.3(flow)-447.2(and)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(volume)-285.5(during)-284.8(various)-285.3(respiratory)-287.3(manoeuvres)-282.8(in)-285.9(normal)]TJ
T*
[(and)-377.6(emphysematous)-380.6(patients.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
12.2854 0 TD
[(Am)-372.5(Rev)-380.9(Respir)-378(Dis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
8.264 0 TD
(1961;)Tj
-20.5495 -1.1128 TD
[(83:)-336(676\261683.)]TJ
-2.5165 -1.1065 TD
[(8.)-1766.5(Boczkowski)-556.1(J,)-553.7(Murciano)-562.2(D,)-555.8(Pichot)-556.5(M-H,)-556.4(Ferretti)-559.5(A,)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(Pariente)-397.9(R,)-392.8(Milic-Emili)-401.2(J.)-389.3(Expiratory)-396.9(flow)-396.6(limitation)-396.6(in)]TJ
T*
[(stable)-375.5(asthmatic)-384.3(patients)-376.9(during)-379.7(resting)-382.5(breathing.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
20.6822 0 TD
[(Am)-378.8(J)]TJ
-20.6822 -1.1065 TD
[(Respir)-333.8(Crit)-337.4(Car)33.6(e)-334.4(Med)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
9.2251 0 TD
[(1997;)-334.9(156:)-335.5(752\261757.)]TJ
-11.7416 -1.1128 TD
[(9.)-1766.5(Knudson)-494.1(RJ,)-494.7(Lebowitz)-493.9(MD,)-492.7(Holberg)-483.4(CJ,)-494.7(Burrows)-494.4(B.)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(Change)-393.2(in)-393.4(the)-399(normal)-394(maximal)-402.8(expiratory)-393.2(flow-volume)]TJ
T*
[(curve)-345.7(with)-353.8(growth)-345(and)-352.3(aging.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
12.3992 0 TD
[(Am)-347.2(Rev)-349.3(Respir)-352.7(Dis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
8.1502 0 TD
(1983;)Tj
-20.5495 -1.1065 TD
[(127:)-335.5(725\261734.)]TJ
-2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(10.)-1266.5(Koulouris)-505.1(NG,)-501.7(Dimopoulou)-510.7(I,)-502.9(V)104.7(alta)-501.8(P)103.1(,)-502.4(Finkelstein)-509.1(R,)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(Cosio)-404.1(MG,)-404.2(Milic-Emili)-407.5(J.)-408.3(Detection)-403.5(of)-404.6(expiratory)-405.8(flow)]TJ
T*
[(limitation)-282.7(during)-284.8(exercise)-284.1(in)-279.6(COPD)-279.7(patients.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
18.0835 0 TD
[(J)-277.5(Appl)-282(Phy-)]TJ
-18.0835 -1.1065 TD
(siol)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
1.7578 0 TD
[(1997;)-334.9(82:)-336(723\261731.)]TJ
-4.2743 -1.1128 TD
[(1)25.8(1)0(.)-1292.3(American)-591.8(Thoracic)-583.8(Society)57.6(.)-584.6(Standardization)-588.5(of)-588(spiro-)]TJ
2.5165 -1.1128 TD
[(metry)60.8(.)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
2.82 0 TD
[(Am)-334.6(Rev)-336.6(Respir)-333.8(Dis)]TJ
/F11 1 Tf
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