抽象的

苏格兰从呼吸系统的疾病和患者的疾病患者患有高的死亡率，特别是在女性中。关于自我报告的数据吸烟和慢性咳嗽和慢性痰中的患病率为10,359名年龄在40-59岁的男性和慢性痰中获取，从苏格兰心脏健康研究获得。总体而言，目前的卷烟吸烟者患有慢性咳嗽和慢性痰的速率4至五次，在5岁以后的吸烟者患者（男性32.3％v 6.5％，22.3％v 5.5％，女性为慢性咳嗽; 31％v 8.3％对于慢性痰的女性，男性和21％v 5.5％）。出吸烟者的症状率在从不吸烟者的情况下有点少于吸烟者，并且在男性中女性和慢性痰患者对慢性咳嗽具有重要意义。男性症状率高于女性，这对于吸烟者，出吸烟者而不是吸烟者来说是真实的。男性之间的较高率不能通过较高的胞苷浓度来解释。试验以检测出吸烟者中的“欺骗者”，并非使用生化验证的吸烟者表明，87名（1.5％）受访者实际上吸烟;他们被排除在分析之外。在停止吸烟的一年内，慢性咳嗽和慢性痰率大幅下降，而且在目前吸烟者之间停止89-99％的差异两到四年，而且吸烟者占了（99％和93％ women with chronic cough, 96% and 89% for men and women with chronic phlegm). Even 10 years after stopping, rates of symptoms among ex-smokers remained a little above those of never smokers (except for women with chronic phlegm), though these differences were not statistically significant. Former heavy smokers continued to have rates of chronic cough and chronic phlegm that were higher than those of former light and moderate smokers (though not significantly so). These are cross sectional data, but they emphasise the importance for chronic bronchitis symptoms of giving up cigarette smoking, though the amount previously smoked continues to exert a small influence.