Ty -jour t1-空气污染的呼吸作用的流行病学研究JF-欧洲呼吸杂志//www.qdcxjkg.com/content/9/5/1029.abstract N2-空气污染的健康影响环境流行病学研究是对这种影响的理解的主要原因。已经研究了大气污染物的慢性作用，但是除了颗粒物（PM）的已知呼吸作用（PM）外，尚未得到最终研究。正在进行关于某些污染物类别的慢性作用的研究，例如臭氧，酸雨，空气中的毒物和PM的化学形式（包括柴油排气）。由于流行病学研究已经证明了由于室外和室内暴露于几种气体/烟雾和PM的急性影响。但是，这些环境因素对易感个体的影响尚不清楚。这些急性影响尤其重要，因为它们增加了轻微疾病的人体负担，增加了残疾，并被认为会降低生产率。它们可能与慢性病的可能性增加有关。在后一个领域需要进一步的研究，以确定不同微环境（户外，家庭，运输中的户外）中与时间相关的活动的贡献。进一步研究的关键要素是评估对不同污染物（来自室内和室外来源发生）的全部暴露以及污染物的互动效应。 Major research areas include determination of the contributions of indoor sources and of vehicle emissions to total exposure, how to measure such exposures, and how to measure human susceptibility and responses (including those at the cellular and molecular level). Biomarkers of exposures, doses and responses, including immunochemicals, biochemicals and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts, are beginning to promote some basic knowledge of exposure-response, especially the mechanisms. These will be extremely useful additions to standard physiological, immunological, and clinical instruments, and the understanding of biological plausibility. The outcomes of all this work will be the management of risks and the prevention of respiratory diseases related to air pollution. ER -