TY - JOUR T1 - 欧洲呼吸杂志JO - - EUR呼吸杂志SP - 1029 LP - 1054 VL - 9 - 5 AU - Lebowitz,MD Y1 - 1996年5月1日UR的空气污染JF的呼吸效应流行病学研究 -//www.qdcxjkg.com/content/9/5/1029.abstract N2 - 空气污染对健康影响的环境流行病学研究已经主要贡献者这种影响的认识。大气污染物的长期影响进行了研究,但是,除了颗粒物(PM),已知的呼吸效应,他们还没有得到最后的研究。有某些污染物的类,如臭氧,酸雨,空气传播的有毒物质,和PM的化学形式(包括柴油机废气)的慢性影响正在进行的研究。对人类由于室外和室内暴露急性影响到的几种气体/烟雾和PM已被证明在流行病学研究。然而,对易感个体这些环境因素的影响不是决定性知道。因为它们增加小病,增加了残疾的人的负担,这些严重影响尤为重要,被认为是降低工作效率。它们也可以被相关的慢性疾病的可能性增加。需要进一步研究在此一领域,确定不同的微环境的个人的时间相关活动的贡献(户外活动,在家里,在运输途中)。进一步研究的关键要素是总暴露于不同的污染物(从室内和室外源存在的)和污染物的互动效果的评估。 Major research areas include determination of the contributions of indoor sources and of vehicle emissions to total exposure, how to measure such exposures, and how to measure human susceptibility and responses (including those at the cellular and molecular level). Biomarkers of exposures, doses and responses, including immunochemicals, biochemicals and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts, are beginning to promote some basic knowledge of exposure-response, especially the mechanisms. These will be extremely useful additions to standard physiological, immunological, and clinical instruments, and the understanding of biological plausibility. The outcomes of all this work will be the management of risks and the prevention of respiratory diseases related to air pollution. ER -