ty -jour t1-德国特应性哮喘和季节性过敏性鼻炎的疾病成本：1年回顾性研究JF-欧洲呼吸杂志-1 au -schramm，B。au -ehlken，B.Au -au -smala，A.Au -quednau，K.Au -au -au -berger，K。au -au -au -au -nowak，D。y1-2003/01/01 ur -http：/http：/http：/http：/http：//www.qdcxjkg.com/content/21/1/116.Abstract N2-本研究的目的是评估德国在德国的中度哮喘和/或季节性哮喘和/或季节性过敏性鼻炎（SAR）的疾病成本第三方付款人（TPP）和患者的观点。这项横断面研究包括了五百名患有中度至重度哮喘和/或SAR的患者（276名儿童/青少年）。使用特定的患者问卷和患者记录的抽象收集信息。总体而言，每名患者的年成本随特应性哮喘的严重程度以及与SAR有关的情况而增加。SAR的平均年费为每名儿童/青少年1,089，每位成人1,543。严重哮喘和SAR的年成本增加到每个儿童/青少年的7,928，每名成年人增加9,287。对于TPP，主要成本驱动因素是药物，住院和康复。 The most significant costs for patients were household modifications. For children/adolescents, 60–78% of the expenditures were direct costs, while in adults, 58% of expenditures were indirect costs. It was also observed that patients with moderate and severe asthma used inhaled corticosteroids less frequently than recommended by treatment guidelines. In summary, the total cost for patients increases with the severity of atopic asthma and/or seasonal allergic rhinitis and indirect costs represent a large proportion of the total cost. This study was sponsored by an unrestricted grant from Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nuremberg, Germany. ER -