RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Effective control ofStaphylococcus aureus肺部感染,尽管三级淋巴结构disorganisation JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 2000768 DO 10.1183/13993003.00768-2020 VO 57 IS 4 A1 Regard, Lucile A1 Martin, Clémence A1 Teillaud, Jean-Luc A1 Lafoeste, Hélène A1 Vicaire, Hugues A1 Ladjemi, Maha Zohra A1 Ollame-Omvane, Emilie A1 Sibéril, Sophie A1 Burgel, Pierre-Régis YR 2021 UL //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/57/4/2000768.abstract AB Background Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are triggered by persistent bronchopulmonary infection with Staphylococcus aureus, but their roles remain elusive. The present study sought to examine the effects of B- and/or T-cell depletion on S. aureus infection and TLS development (lymphoid neogenesis) in mice.Methods C57Bl/6 mice were pre-treated with 1) an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (B-cell depletion) or 2) an anti-CD4 and/or an anti-CD8 mAb (T-cell depletion) or 3) a combination of anti-CD20, anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs (combined B- and T-cell depletion) or 4) isotype control mAbs. After lymphocyte depletion, mice were infected by intratracheal instillation of agarose beads containing S. aureus (106 CFU per mouse). 14 days later, bacterial load and lung inflammatory cell infiltration were assessed by cultures and immunohistochemistry, respectively.Results 14 days after S. aureus-bead instillation, lung bacterial load was comparable between control and lymphocyte-depleted mice. While TLS were observed in the lungs of infected mice pre-treated with control mAbs, these structures were disorganised or abolished in the lungs of lymphocyte-depleted mice. The absence of CD20+ B-lymphocytes had no effect on CD3+ T-lymphocyte infiltration, whereas CD4+/CD8+ T-cell depletion markedly reduced CD20+ B-cell infiltration. Depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells separately had limited effect on B-cell infiltration, but led to the absence of germinal centres.Conclusion TLS disorganisation is not associated with loss of infection control in mice persistently infected with S. aureus.Disorganisation of peribronchial lymphoid follicles did not result in increased bacterial load nor in decreased survival in a mouse model of persistent lung infection. Lymphoid follicles may not be essential for controlling lung bacterial infection. https://bit.ly/3lOgNEG