RT期刊文章SR电子T1时艰难的蚂蚁ibiotic use and risk of asthma and eczema: results of a discordant twin study JF European Respiratory Journal JO Eur Respir J FD European Respiratory Society SP 1902021 DO 10.1183/13993003.02021-2019 VO 55 IS 4 A1 Slob, Elise M.A. A1 Brew, Bronwyn K. A1 Vijverberg, Susanne J.H. A1 Kats, Chantal J.A.R. A1 Longo, Cristina A1 Pijnenburg, Mariëlle W. A1 van Beijsterveldt, Toos C.E.M. A1 Dolan, Conor V. A1 Bartels, Meike A1 Magnusson, Patrick A1 Lichtenstein, Paul A1 Gong, Tong A1 Koppelman, Gerard H. A1 Almqvist, Catarina A1 Boomsma, Dorret I. A1 Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H. YR 2020 UL //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/55/4/1902021.abstract AB Rationale Early-life antibiotic use has been associated with the development of atopic diseases, but the aetiology remains unclear. To elucidate the aetiology, we used a discordant twin design to control for genetic and environmental confounding.Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in twins aged 3–10 years from the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR, n=35 365) and a replication study in twins aged 9 years from the Childhood and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS, n=7916). Antibiotic use was recorded at age 0–2 years. Doctor-diagnosed asthma and eczema were reported by parents when children were aged 3–12 years in both cohorts. Individuals were included in unmatched analyses and in co-twin control analyses with disease discordant twin pairs.Results Early-life antibiotic use was associated with increased risk of asthma (NTR OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28–1.41; CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34–1.56) and eczema (NTR OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03–1.13; CATSS OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.14) in unmatched analyses. Co-twin analyses in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs showed similar results for asthma (NTR OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.20–1.98; CATSS OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.28–3.13), but opposing results for eczema in the NTR (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.80–1.25) and the CATSS (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12–2.49). The risk of asthma increased for antibiotics prescribed for respiratory infections (CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34–1.56), but not for antibiotics commonly used for urinary tract/skin infections (CATSS OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.88–1.17).Conclusion Children exposed to early-life antibiotic use, particularly prescribed for respiratory infections, may be at higher risk of asthma. This risk can still be observed when correcting for genetic and environmental factors. Our results could not elucidate whether the relationship between early-life antibiotic use and eczema is confounded by familial and genetic factors.Large twin studies show that antibiotics in early life are associated with risk of asthma, regardless of familial environment and genetics, and possibly due to early infections. Risks and benefits of antibiotics use in infants should be considered. http://bit.ly/372Qu5A