% 0期刊文章%不修边幅,爱丽丝硕士%酿造,布朗温Vijverberg k . %, Susanne J.H. % kat,尚塔尔J.A.R. %隆戈,克里斯蒂娜% Pijnenburg, Marielle w . %一辆面包车Beijsterveldt吐司传情专家C.E.M. %多兰,康纳v %巴特斯,Meike % Magnusson,帕特里克%李奇登斯坦,保罗%锣,通% Koppelman,杰拉德Almqvist h . %,卡塔琳娜州% Boomsma,早期抗生素的使用与哮喘和湿疹的风险:早期抗生素使用与特应性疾病的发展有关，但病因尚不清楚。为了阐明病因，我们使用不一致双胞胎设计来控制遗传和环境混淆。方法:我们对来自荷兰双胞胎登记册(NTR, n=35 365)的3-10岁双胞胎进行了回顾性队列研究，并对来自瑞典儿童和青少年双胞胎研究(CATSS, n=7916)的9岁双胞胎进行了重复研究。0-2岁时记录抗生素使用情况。在这两个队列中，当孩子3-12岁时，父母报告了医生诊断的哮喘和湿疹。个体被纳入非匹配分析和疾病不一致双胞胎对的同卵双胞胎对照分析。结果早期抗生素使用与哮喘风险增加相关(NTR OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.28-1.41;CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34-1.56)和湿疹(NTR OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.13;CATSS OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14)。 Co-twin analyses in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs showed similar results for asthma (NTR OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.20–1.98; CATSS OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.28–3.13), but opposing results for eczema in the NTR (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.80–1.25) and the CATSS (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12–2.49). The risk of asthma increased for antibiotics prescribed for respiratory infections (CATSS OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.34–1.56), but not for antibiotics commonly used for urinary tract/skin infections (CATSS OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.88–1.17).Conclusion Children exposed to early-life antibiotic use, particularly prescribed for respiratory infections, may be at higher risk of asthma. This risk can still be observed when correcting for genetic and environmental factors. Our results could not elucidate whether the relationship between early-life antibiotic use and eczema is confounded by familial and genetic factors.Large twin studies show that antibiotics in early life are associated with risk of asthma, regardless of familial environment and genetics, and possibly due to early infections. Risks and benefits of antibiotics use in infants should be considered. http://bit.ly/372Qu5A %U //www.qdcxjkg.com/content/erj/55/4/1902021.full.pdf