TY - T1的室外空气污染和儿童哮喘的负担整个欧洲JF -欧洲呼吸杂志》乔和J - 10.1183/13993003.02194 -2018欧元六世- 54 - 4 SP - 1802194 AU Khreis Haneen AU - Cirach,玛尔塔非盟-穆勒,娜塔莉AU - de Hoogh Kees盟,Hoek杰拉德盟——Nieuwenhuijsen Mark J . AU - Rojas-Rueda新的证据表明，空气污染可能导致儿童哮喘的发展。我们估计了欧洲户外二氧化氮(NO2)、直径≤2.5 μ m的颗粒物(PM2.5)和黑碳(BC)可能导致的儿童哮喘发病负担。方法将国家水平的儿童发病率和儿童(1 - 14岁)人口计数的暴露反应函数合并，并在18个欧洲国家和63 442 419名儿童的1 540 386 1 km×1 km细胞暴露估计。污染物的年平均浓度是通过一个经过验证和协调的欧洲土地利用回归模型得出的。我们调查了两种减少暴露的方案。第一，我们使用世界卫生组织(世卫组织)建议的年度空气质量指导值。对于第二项研究，我们使用了基础荟萃分析中41项研究记录的最低空气污染水平。结果NO2的分布范围为1.4 ~ 70.0µg·m−3，平均为11.8µg·m−3;PM2.5的变化范围为2.0 ~ 41.1µg·m−3，均值为11.6µg·m−3。BC的取值范围为0.003 ~ 3.7×10−5 m−1，平均值为1.0×10−5 m−1。 Compliance with the NO2 and PM2.5 WHO guidelines was estimated to prevent 2434 (0.4%) and 66 567 (11%) incident cases, respectively. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO2 (1.5 µg·m−3), PM2.5 (0.4 µg·m−3) and BC (0.4×10−5 m−1) was estimated to prevent 135 257 (23%), 191 883 (33%) and 89 191 (15%) incident cases, respectively.Conclusions A significant proportion of childhood asthma cases may be attributable to outdoor air pollution and these cases could be prevented. Our estimates underline an urgent need to reduce children's exposure to air pollution.A significant proportion (up to 33%) of incident childhood asthma cases across Europe may be attributable to outdoor air pollution. These cases are largely preventable, underlying an urgent need to reduce children's exposure to NO2, PM2.5 and black carbon. http://bit.ly/36Fe5KN ER -