Extract
The number of people over the age of 65 years living with chronic diseases is exponentially rising worldwide. In 2008, the World Health Organization estimated physicians diagnosed approximately 210 million people worldwide with COPD and millions of others with another respiratory disease (e.g. asthma or interstitial lung disease) [1]. Many among these millions of patients with advanced, chronic non-malignant respiratory diseases often experience disabling (intractable) dyspnoea, cough and pain. Dyspnoea (breathlessness) is an “air hunger” comprising a multifaceted, subjective symptom with significant impact on patients’ quality of life, ensuing disability, increasing social isolation and loneliness [1]. Untreated dyspnoea on exertion creates unprecedented fear and stress of “fighting for breath” to a patient. Furthermore incessant dyspnoea frequently causes patients to impose burdens of worry to their caregivers, and patients experience emergency healthcare utilisation, hospital admissions, and premature mortality [2, 3]. Suffering with dyspnoea may escalate to uncontrollable anxiety [4] and all these adverse consequences create a sea of misery for patients with advanced, chronic non-malignant respiratory diseases.
Abstract
There is a great unmet need for palliative oxygen in patients with refractory dyspnoea from advanced non-malignant diseases, which requires further work in the management of this disabling symptom https://bit.ly/2RAcIdn
Footnotes
Conflict of interest: A.M. Yohannes has received consultation fees from AstraZeneca.
- Received March 16, 2021.
- Accepted April 2, 2021.
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